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සැකිල්ල:ru-noun-table/documentation

Wiktionary වෙතින්
Documentation for සැකිල්ල:ru-noun-table. [edit]
This page contains usage information, categories, interwiki links and other content describing the template.

This is the new template for creating a Russian noun declension table, using Module:ru-noun.

Parameters

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|1=
Stress pattern, one of a b c d e f b' d' f' f''. See Appendix:Russian stress patterns. It can be omitted; to do so, leave out the argument entirely (i.e. shift all the remaining arguments down one). If omitted, defaults to a if the lemma stress is on the stem, b if the lemma stress is on the ending or if an explicitly-specified declension is accented. (Also defaults to b in -ёнок and -ёночек nouns and +ой adjectival nouns, and defaults to d in stressed -и́н nouns.)
|2=
Lemma with appropriately placed accent(s); i.e. the nominative singular, or the nominative plural if the noun is a plurale tantum. However, if an explicit declension is specified, this should be just the stem (in this case, the declension usually looks like an ending, and the stem is the portion of the lemma minus the ending). In the first argument set (i.e. first set of arguments separated by or), defaults to page name; in later sets, defaults to lemma of previous set. A plural form can be given, and causes argument n= to default to n=p (plurale tantum). Normally, an accent is required if multisyllabic, and unaccented monosyllables will automatically be stressed; prefix with * to override both behaviors. See section below on auto-accenting. May be followed by // and a manual transliteration; see section below.
|3=
Declension modifiers; see below. This contains any extra information needed to properly decline the noun.
|4=
Specify a special plural stem; defaults to the stem of the lemma. This is only needed for a few nouns whose plural is based off of a different stem, e.g. у́хо (úxo, “ear”) with nominative plural у́ши (úši); не́бо (nébo, “sky, heaven”) with nominative plural небеса́ (nebesá); or хозя́ин (xozjáin, “owner, landlord”) with nominative plural хозя́ева (xozjájeva). It is not needed if only the endings are irregular, nor if the only difference between singular and plural stems is a ё in place of an unstressed е in the lemma, as with седло́ (sedló, “saddle”) with nominative plural сёдла (sjódla). Normally, the plural stem needs a stress mark if multisyllabic, as with the lemma. May be followed by // and a manual transliteration; see section below.
|n=
Number restriction: sg for singular-only, pl for plural-only, both for both. Defaults to both unless the lemma is plural, in which case it defaults to plural-only. (Only the first letter matters in the values for this argument, so for example s and sing are alternatives to sg.)
|a=
Animacy: an for animate, in for inanimate, bi or ai for bianimate (listing animate first when used by {{ru-noun+}}), ia for bianimate (listing inanimate first when used by {{ru-noun+}}); defaults to inanimate. (You can also use a or anim for animate, i or inan for inanimate, b or both for bianimate with animate listed first.)
|title=
Override the table title.
|nom_sg=, |gen_sg=, |dat_sg=, |acc_sg=, |ins_sg=, |pre_sg=, |nom_pl=, |gen_pl=, |dat_pl=, |acc_pl=, |ins_pl=, |pre_pl=, |par=, |loc=, |voc=
Override one or more declensional forms (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, prepositional, partitive, locative, vocative; singular, plural). Alternatives may be separated by commas. You can include one or more ~ characters anywhere in the override, which will replaced by the singular or plural stem, appropriately; or you can use ~~, which will be replaced by the unstressed version of the appropriate stem. You can also include + in |par= or |loc=, and if it is at the beginning of a word it will be replaced by the "expected" form for these cases (same as dative singular for the partitive, stress-shifted dative singular for the locative). Overridden forms, including comma-separated alternatives, will automatically be linked. Certain trailing symbols are recognized automatically; they will be superscripted and do not interfere with linking. See section below on usage notes. In more complex cases (e.g. with parens around a word), you should manually put brackets around a word to link it (stress marks in such words are handled correctly). Normally, multisyllabic words in overrides need a stress mark, as with the lemma. May be followed by // and a manual transliteration; see section below.
|suffix=
Add a suffix such as ся to all forms. This is useful in cases like уча́щийся (učáščijsja, “student”), where the part before -ся needs to be declined. May be followed by // and a manual transliteration; see section below.
|prefix=
Add a prefix to all forms. Present for completeness but less useful than |suffix= because the prefix can simply be included in the lemma. May be followed by // and a manual transliteration; see section below.

Footnote symbols

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A system is in place for inserting usage notes into declension tables, in the form of footnotes. Footnote symbols attached to the end of a manual override are recognized automatically; they are automatically superscripted and do not interfere with linking. Examples of such symbols are *, @, ~ and various other ASCII symbols; numbers; _, which is automatically converted to a space; and most Unicode symbols (§, ¤, †, ‡, ⁕, etc.). You can also insert these symbols using parameters such as |pltail=. The usage note itself is inserted using |notes=.

|notes=
Usage note(s) to insert into the table. Footnote symbols at the beginning of the note are automatically superscripted.
|pltail=
Specify text to append directly to the end of plural entries with more than one form (except those with explicit overrides). Normally used to add a footnote symbol to those entries, to add a usage note to alternate plural forms.
|sgtail=
Same but for singular entries.
|pltailall=
Like |pltail= but appends to all plural entries (except those with explicit overrides). Normally used to add a footnote symbol, in order to add a usage note about the plural forms.
|sgtailall=
Same but for singular entries.
|CASE_NUM_tail=
Append a footnote symbol to the last form for a particular case/number combination. Note that this differs from |sgtail= and |pltail= in that it will be appended even if there's only one form. The possible values of CASE_NUM are the same as for overrides.
|CASE_NUM_tailall=
Same but append to all forms, as with |pltailall= and |sgtailall=.

Conjectural/disused forms

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A system is in place for marking particular forms as conjectural or disused; these are forms that are described in Russian grammar books (such as those of A.A. Zaliznyak) as затрудни́тельный (zatrudnítelʹnyj), literally "difficult" or "awkward". Forms are marked as such either by putting a * at the beginning of a word in a manual override or using parameters such as |plhypall=y to mark all plural forms as conjectural/disused (hyp in the parameter name = "hypothetical"). These *hyp* parameters are exactly parallel to the *tail* parameters above. The most useful such parameters are |plhypall=y as described previously, and |CASE_NAME_tailall=y to mark all forms of a given case/number combination as conjectural/disused.

Declension modifiers

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The third parameter consists of any additional modifiers needed to properly decline the noun. There are several different modifiers. If you need to specify more than one modifier, just jam them all together without any spaces between and in any order. The following modifiers are the most common:

Gender

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The gender spec indicates the gender of the noun. Normally, this can be omitted and is autodetected from the ending of the noun. However, it is required in some cases, e.g. with lemmas ending in -ь. If present, it should be one of m (masculine), f (feminine), n (neuter) or 3f (third-declension feminine; see below). The gender is required in the following cases:

  1. if the lemma ends in -ь;
  2. in regular (not adjectival) nouns, if the lemma is plural;
  3. for masculine animate nouns with the neuter ending -о in the nominative singular (e.g. солове́йко (solovéjko, “nightingale”), мазло́ (mazló, “sloppy person”));
  4. in {{ru-noun+}} whenever the actual gender disagrees with the normal gender of the nominative singular ending (e.g. дя́дя (djádja, “uncle”)).

In other cases, the gender is ignored.

3f is the same as f but in the case of a plural lemma in -и, it causes a third-declension feminine with singular in -ь to be detected rather than a first-declension feminine with singular in -а or -я (used e.g. for но́вости (nóvosti) and сла́сти (slásti)).

Reducibility

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The spec * indicates that the noun is "reducible". A reducible noun has an alternation between an е, ё or о before the last stem consonant in some forms, and no such vowel in other forms. Such nouns are of two types:

  1. Nouns where the extra vowel appears in the nominative singular but not in other forms. These are either masculine nouns ending in a consonant, or masculine or feminine nouns ending in -ь. An example of the former is коне́ц (konéc, “end”) (genitive singular конца́ (koncá), nominative plural концы́ (koncý)). Examples of the latter are masculine ого́нь (ogónʹ, “fire”) (genitive singular огня́ (ognjá), masculine гре́бень (grébenʹ, “comb”) (genitive singular гре́бня (grébnja)), feminine любо́вь (ljubóvʹ, “love”) (genitive singular любви́ (ljubví)), and feminine вошь (vošʹ, “louse”) (genitive singular вши (vši)).
  2. Nouns where the extra vowel appears in the genitive plural but not in other forms. These are feminine or neuter nouns ending in a vowel. Examples are feminine ко́шка (kóška, “cat”) (genitive plural ко́шек (kóšek)), neuter се́рдце (sérdce, “heart”) (genitive plural серде́ц (serdéc)).

Note that when the vowel disappears, sometimes a ь or й appears in its place, e.g. па́лец (pálec, “finger”) (genitive singular па́льца (pálʹca)), инди́ец (indíjec, “Indian”) (genitive singular инди́йца (indíjca)), or other changes happen, e.g. воробе́й (vorobéj, “sparrow”) (genitive singular воробья́ (vorobʹjá)). When a vowel appears, sometimes it's е, sometimes ё and sometimes о, and sometimes a ь disappears. It turns out that all these changes are predictable, and are automatically handled by the module.

Adjectival nouns

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These are nouns that are declined as if they were an adjective. Examples are masculine ру́сский (rússkij, “a Russian”) (genitive singular ру́сского (rússkovo)), feminine ва́нная (vánnaja, “bathroom”) (genitive singular ва́нной (vánnoj)), neuter моро́женое (moróženoje, “ice cream”) (genitive singular моро́женого (moróženovo)) and plural-only да́нные (dánnyje, “facts, data”) (genitive plural данных (dannyx)). To indicate this, use the code +.

Nouns with alternation between е and ё

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Some nouns have an alternation between unstressed е and stressed ё. If the ё appears in the lemma, the module will automatically convert it to е when it becomes unstressed, e.g. галдёж (galdjóž, “clatter, din”) (genitive singular галдежа́ (galdežá)). But sometimes the е appears in the lemma, and ё appears in other forms. In this case, use ;ё to indicate this alternation. An example is седло́ (sedló, “saddle”) (nominative plural сёдла (sjódla)).

Anomalous plural endings

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Use (1) to indicate a particular sort of anomalous nominative plural ending where masculine nouns take the neuter plural -а or -я instead of expected -ы or -и, and neuter nouns take the masculine plural -ы or -и instead of expected -а or -я.

Use (2) to indicate a particular sort of anomalous genitive plural ending where masculine nouns take the feminine/neuter null ending (which may manifest as no written ending or as -ь or -й) instead of expected -ов/-ев/-ёв, while neuter nouns take the masculine ending -ов/-ев/-ёв instead of the expected null ending, and feminine hard-stem nouns take the soft-stem ending -ей/-ёй instead of the expected null ending. When the variant code -ья is given (see below), the code (2) indicates a feminine-style genitive plural ending of -ей instead of masculine -ьев/-ьёв. An example of this is де́верь (déverʹ, “brother-in-law (husband's brother)”), with nominative plural деверья́ (deverʹjá) (hence it needs variant code -ья) and genitive plural девере́й (deveréj) (hence it needs code (2)). Since this noun ends in -ь, it also needs the gender code m; the full spec is written m-ья(2), with the three codes jammed together (other orders are possible for the codes).

Older stuff to be cleaned up

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One of the following for regular nouns:

  1. (blank)
  2. GENDER
  3. -VARIANT
  4. GENDER-VARIANT
  5. DECLTYPE
  6. DECLTYPE/DECLTYPE
  7. $ (for indeclinable words, especially in multi-word expressions)
  8. You can also append one or more of the special-case markers (1), (2), * or ;ё to any of the above.

For adjectival nouns, one of the following:

  1. +
  2. +ь
  3. +short, +mixed or +proper
  4. +DECLTYPE

VARIANT specifies declension variants that override the normal declension in various ways: See also special cases (1) and (2) for specifying other types of plural variants.

  1. The -ья variant overrides the normal declension with the special plural declension with nominative plural -ья.
  2. The -ин variant is for animate masculines ending in -ин with nominative plural in -е. Most such nouns end in -анин or -янин, and these are autodetected, but other nouns in this declension such as боя́рин (bojárin, “boyar”) need an explicit variant annotation.
  3. The -ишко variant is for inanimate diminutive masculines (not neuters) ending in -шко (usually -ишко), with colloquial feminine forms in some of the singular cases, e.g. доми́шко (domíško, “small house”). Special case (1) must be specified along with this variant.
  4. The -ище variant is for animate augmentative masculines (not neuters) ending in -ище, with colloquial feminine forms in some of the singular cases, e.g. волчи́ще (volčíšče, “large, mature wolf”). Special case (1) must be specified along with this variant.

DECLTYPE is an explicit declension type. Normally you shouldn't use this, and should instead let the declension type be autodetected based on the ending. See the table below for the list of declension types (which normally have the form of the nominative singular ending). When an explicit declension type is provided, the lemma field should be just the stem, without the ending.

For adjectival nouns, you should normally supply just + and let the ending determine the declension; supply +ь in the case of a possessive adjectival noun in -ий, which has an extra -ь- in most endings compared with normal adjectival nouns in -ий, but which can't be distinguished based on the nominative singular. You can also supply +short, +mixed or +proper, which constrains the declension appropriately but still autodetects the gender-specific and stress-specific variant. If you do supply a specific declension type, as with regular nouns you need to omit the ending from the lemma field and supply just the stem. Possibilities are +ый, +ое, +ая, +ій, +ее, +яя, +ой, +о́е, +а́я, +ьій, +ье, +ья, +-short or +#-short (masc), +о-short, +о-stressed-short or +о́-short, +а-short, +а-stressed-short or +а́-short, and similar for -mixed and -proper (except there aren't any stressed mixed declensions).

The DECLTYPE/DECLTYPE form is used for nouns with one declension in the singular and a different one in the plural (termed mixed declensions or slash declensions). This is intended for variations that -ья and special cases (1) and (2) below don't cover, e.g. о/ь-m to decline the singular with class о and the plural with class ь-m (as for коле́но (koléno, “knee”)). There is no autodetection of mixed declensions, and thus the lemma field needs to contain the bare stem. See examples below.

Special-case markers:

  • (1) for Zaliznyak-style alternate nominative plural ending: -а or -я for masculine, -и or -ы for neuter
  • (2) for Zaliznyak-style alternate genitive plural ending: none/-ь/-й for masculine, -ей for feminine, -ов/-ёв/-ев for neuter, -ей for declensional variant -ья
  • * for reducibles (nom sg or gen pl has an extra vowel before the final consonant as compared with the stem found in other cases)
  • ;ё for Zaliznyak-style alternation between last е in stem and ё

Declension classes

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"Class" is the form used with the modern-style tables ({{ru-noun-table}}), while "old class" is used with old-style/pre-reform tables (|old=1). Note that explicit declension classes aren't normally required, as the declension can usually be autodetected.

Class Old class Nom sg Nom pl Gen pl Declension Typical gender Hardness Examples Notes
(blank), # ъ none ы/и ов, [шщчж]ей 2nd Masculine Hard заво́д, язы́к, ча́с gen pl -ей after sibilants
-а, #-а ъ-а none а ов, [шщчж]ей 2nd Masculine Hard рука́в/рукава́, по́езд/поезда́ gen pl -ей after sibilants
-ья, #-ья ъ-ья none ья ьёв/ьев 2nd Masculine Hard дру́г/друзья́
ин инъ ин е none 2nd Masculine Hard англича́нин, христиани́н
ёнок, онок, енок ёнокъ, онокъ, енокъ ёнок/о́нок я́та/а́та я́т/а́т 2nd Masculine Hard телёнок, внучо́нок
ёночек, оночек, еночек ёночекъ, оночекъ, еночекъ ёночек/о́ночек я́тки/а́тки я́ток/а́ток 2nd Masculine Hard цыплёночек, мышо́ночек
ь-m ь и ей 2nd Masculine Soft до́ждь, ру́бль, ка́мень
ь-я ь я ей 2nd Masculine Soft кре́ндель/кренделя́
й й и ёв/ов 2nd Masculine Palatal ча́й, геро́й, ге́ний includes -ий nouns (old-style -ій)
й-я й я ёв/ов 2nd Masculine Palatal кра́й includes -ий nouns (old-style -ій)
а а ы/и none, [шщчж]е́й 1st Feminine Hard соба́ка, голова́ gen pl -е́й after sibilants (stressed only)
я я и ь/й, е́й 1st Feminine Soft земля́, револю́ция stressed gen pl -е́й except with vowel stems, otherwise -ь/-й; includes -ия nouns (old-style -ія) but not -ья nouns
ья ья ьи ий, е́й 1st Feminine Soft судья́ stressed gen pl -е́й (also patterns d and d'), unstressed -ий
о о а none, е́й 2nd Neuter Hard стекло́, со́лнце includes unstressed -е nouns after цшщчж; gen pl -е́й after sibilants (stressed only)
о-и, о-ы о ы/и none 2nd Neuter Hard я́блоко/я́блоки, у́хо/у́ши same as previous
о-ья о ья ьёв/ьев 2nd Neuter Hard перо́/пе́рья, ши́ло/ши́лья, дно́/до́нья
е, ё е/ё я/а ь/й, е́й 2nd Neuter Soft мо́ре, уче́ние stressed gen pl -е́й except with vowel stems, otherwise -ь/-й; includes -ие/-иё nouns (old-style -іе/-іё) but not -ье/-ьё nouns
е́ е́ я/а ей, [и]й 2nd Neuter Soft бытие́, муде́ nouns with stressed -е́ instead of -ё; includes nouns in -ие́ (old-style -іе́), which have gen pl in -ий
ье, ьё ье/ьё ья ий, е́й 2nd Neuter Soft у́стье, копьё stressed gen pl -е́й, unstressed -ий
ь-f ь и ей 3rd Feminine Soft две́рь, гла́сность
мя мя мена мён 3rd Neuter ? и́мя, пле́мя
$ none none none Indeclinable — — полпути́

Auto-accenting and required accents

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Multisyllabic words in arguments (lemma, plural stem, overrides) normally need a stress mark in them (as in а́, ы́, ё or ѣ̈) to indicate the position of the stress; an error will occur otherwise. In multiword overrides, each multisyllabic word needs an accent. Accents are not required on monosyllabic words, which will automatically be stressed on their only vowel. You can override both accent errors and auto-accenting by prefixing the lemma with *. (Don't use this prefix on other arguments. If present on the lemma, it applies to all arguments.) This is useful when a word has no stress (e.g. unstressed suffixes) or when the stress is unknown.

As an exception, accents are not required when the accent pattern calls for ending stress (patterns b, d, f and variants in the singular, and patterns b, c and variants in the plural).

Multisyllabic stems automatically receive stress in certain circumstances:

  1. Patterns d and f and variants have ending stress in the singular (and thus normally in the lemma), but call for stem stress in the plural. Unless the lemma specifically includes a stress on the stem, it is placed according to rule: stem-final stress in pattern d and variants, stem-initial stress in pattern f and variants. Hence, сапожо́к (sapožók, “boot”) (pattern d) gets plural сапо́жки, while голова́ (golová, “head”) (pattern f) gets plural го́ловы.
  2. If the accent pattern calls for ending stress in the genitive plural but the genitive plural has a null or non-syllabic ending, the last syllable of the stem is stressed -- regardless of the stem stress in other forms. Hence голова́ (golová, “head”) (pattern f) has nominative plural го́ловы but genitive plural голо́в. To override this, use an explicit |gen_pl= (or |4=) parameter, e.g. in кирка́ (kirká, “pickaxe”) (pattern b) with genitive plural ки́рок or де́ньги (dénʹgi, “money”) (pattern e) with genitive plural де́нег.

Manual transliteration

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All parameters that accept Russian text can be followed by // and a manual transliteration. Transformations of the Russian text (e.g. reducing, dereducing, moving the stress) will appropriately be applied to the manual transliteration as well. Certain rules need to be respected concerning the manual transliteration, and will trigger errors if not. For example, the manual transliteration needs to have the same number of syllables as the Russian, and the manual transliteration of the lemma needs to have the same declensional ending (e.g. -а, -я, -о, -е, -ь), or rather its transliteration.

Multiple sets of arguments, multiple words

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Multiple sets of arguments can be specified by separating them with an argument consisting solely of the word or. See the examples below.

You can also specify the declension of multi-word expressions such as мя́гкий зна́к (mjáxkij znák, “soft sign”), ба́бье ле́то (bábʹje léto, “Indian summer”), пау́к-во́лк (paúk-vólk, “wolf spider”), Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны (Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt i Grenadíny, “Saint Vincent and the Grenadines”), etc.

Multi-word nouns are specified by putting an underscore (_) between words separated by spaces, or a hyphen (-) between words separated by hyphens, or a joiner expression (join:TEXT) between words separated by arbitrary text.

The individual words appearing as lemma arguments can have links placed in them. This causes those individual words to link to the corresponding Wiktionary lemma page when appearing in the declension title (but not elsewhere in the declension table), and in the headword when used in conjunction with {{ru-noun+}}. This is recommended especially for {{ru-noun+}} and probably for {{ru-noun-table}} too. The links can be simple links, even in the presence of accents. For example, you can write {{ru-noun-table|b|[[пау́к]]|-|e|[[во́лк]]|a=an}} to generate the declension of пау́к-во́лк (paúk-vólk, “wolf spider”), and e.g. the link [[пау́к]] will automatically be converted to a link that displays пау́к but links to the page named паук (with the accent removed); it is as if you wrote [[паук#Russian|пау́к]]. See the examples for more information.

The named parameters above generally have per-word equivalents that let you control the value for individual words independently of the others. They are named the same as the overall parameters but have a number suffixed to them: 1 for the first word, 2 for the second word, etc.

|a1=, |a2=, etc.
Specify the animacy of an individual word. Default value for each word is the overall animacy specified by |a=. Primarily useful in case of expressions that mix animate and inanimate words.
|n1=, |n2=, etc.
Specify the number of an individual word. Default value for each word is the overall number specified by |n=. Primarily useful in case of expressions that mix singular and plural words, such as Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны (Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt i Grenadíny, “Saint Vincent and the Grenadines”). Note that if any word is specified using a plural lemma, the overall number defaults to plural.
|nom_sg1=, |nom_sg2=, ...; |gen_sg1=, |gen_sg2=, ...; etc.
Specify an override for a particular word rather than for the entire expression.
|pltail1=, |pltail2=, ...; |pltailall1=, |pltailall2=, ...; etc.
Specify a footnote symbol to attach to the end of a particular word rather than the entire expression. Generally this is not a good idea, and these parameters may be removed in the future.
|suffix1=, |suffix2=, etc.
Specify a suffix such as ся to attach to the end of all forms of a particular word.
|prefix1=, |prefix2=, etc.
Specify a prefix to attach to the beginning of all forms of a particular word. Present for completeness, but not especially useful; see discussion under |prefix= above.

Basic examples

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Example 1: A basic noun

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun орео́л (oreól, “halo”) belongs to accent pattern a (stem-stressed), which is the default, and hence does not need to be specified.

{{ru-noun-table|орео́л}}

produces

Declension of орео́л (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative орео́л
oreól 		орео́лы
oreóly
genitive орео́ла
oreóla 		орео́лов
oreólov
dative орео́лу
oreólu 		орео́лам
oreólam
accusative орео́л
oreól 		орео́лы
oreóly
instrumental орео́лом
oreólom 		орео́лами
oreólami
prepositional орео́ле
oreóle 		орео́лах
oreólax

Example 2: An ending-stressed noun

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun житие́ (žitijé, “life”) belongs to accent pattern b (ending-stressed). This is automatically recognized because of the ending stress in the lemma. The accent shift onto the stem in the genitive plural жити́й is automatically handled.

{{ru-noun-table|житие́}}

produces

Declension of житие́ (inan neut-form i-stem accent-b) 
singular plural
nominative житие́
žitijé 		жития́
žitijá
genitive жития́
žitijá 		жити́й
žitíj
dative житию́
žitijú 		жития́м
žitijám
accusative житие́
žitijé 		жития́
žitijá
instrumental житие́м
žitijém 		жития́ми
žitijámi
prepositional житии́
žitií 		жития́х
žitijáx

Example 3: A noun with complex accent shifts

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun голова́ (golová, “head”) belongs to accent pattern f and has a complex pattern of accent shifts, with stress on the ending in singular голова́, on the first stem syllable in nominative plural го́ловы and on the second stem syllable in genitive plural голо́в. The accent pattern needs to be given explicitly but the accent shifts are automatically handled. In general the code is quite good about knowing how to automatically handle such cases.

{{ru-noun-table|f|голова́}}

produces

Declension of голова́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-f) 
singular plural
nominative голова́
golová 		го́ловы
gólovy
genitive головы́
golový 		голо́в
golóv
dative голове́
golové 		голова́м
golovám
accusative голову́
golovú 		го́ловы
gólovy
instrumental голово́й, голово́ю
golovój, golovóju 		голова́ми
golovámi
prepositional голове́
golové 		голова́х
golováx

Example 4: An animate noun needing a declensional variant

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun боя́рин (bojárin, “boyar”) belongs to the declension class ин, with a singular suffix -ин that is missing in the plural and with nominative plural -е. These nouns are only autodetected if they end in -анин or -янин and are animate, to avoid many false positives. Other -ин nouns that follow this declension need an explicit declensional variant -ин. The noun is also animate, which needs to be noted.

{{ru-noun-table|боя́рин|-ин|a=an}}

produces

Declension of боя́рин (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative боя́рин
bojárin 		боя́ре
bojáre
genitive боя́рина
bojárina 		боя́р
bojár
dative боя́рину
bojárinu 		боя́рам
bojáram
accusative боя́рина
bojárina 		боя́р
bojár
instrumental боя́рином
bojárinom 		боя́рами
bojárami
prepositional боя́рине
bojárine 		боя́рах
bojárax

Example 5: A noun needing a gender hint

[සංස්කරණය]

Nouns in -ь, e.g. пло́щадь (plóščadʹ, “square (open area in a city)”), need a gender hint m or f, because the two genders correspond to different declensions and this can't be autodetected.

{{ru-noun-table|e|пло́щадь|f}}

produces

Declension of пло́щадь (inan fem-form 3rd-decl accent-e) 
singular plural
nominative пло́щадь
plóščadʹ 		пло́щади
plóščadi
genitive пло́щади
plóščadi 		площаде́й
ploščadéj
dative пло́щади
plóščadi 		площадя́м
ploščadjám
accusative пло́щадь
plóščadʹ 		пло́щади
plóščadi
instrumental пло́щадью
plóščadʹju 		площадя́ми
ploščadjámi
prepositional пло́щади
plóščadi 		площадя́х
ploščadjáx

Example 6: A form needing an auto-accent override

[සංස්කරණය]

Unstressed suffixes need to be prefixed with * to indicate that they are unstressed; otherwise multisyllabic unstressed suffixes will trigger an error and monosyllabic unstressed suffixes will be auto-accented.

{{ru-noun-table|a|*-ник}}

produces

Declension of -ник (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative -ник
-nik 		-ники
-niki
genitive -ника
-nika 		-ников
-nikov
dative -нику
-niku 		-никам
-nikam
accusative -ник
-nik 		-ники
-niki
instrumental -ником
-nikom 		-никами
-nikami
prepositional -нике
-nike 		-никах
-nikax

Example 7: A noun needing manual translit

[සංස්කරණය]

{{ru-noun-table|гетеросексуа́льность//getɛrosɛksuálʹnostʹ|f|n=sg}}

produces

Declension of гетеросексуа́льность (inan sg-only fem-form 3rd-decl accent-a) 
singular
nominative гетеросексуа́льность
getɛrosɛksuálʹnostʹ
genitive гетеросексуа́льности
getɛrosɛksuálʹnosti
dative гетеросексуа́льности
getɛrosɛksuálʹnosti
accusative гетеросексуа́льность
getɛrosɛksuálʹnostʹ
instrumental гетеросексуа́льностью
getɛrosɛksuálʹnostʹju
prepositional гетеросексуа́льности
getɛrosɛksuálʹnosti

Examples with extra case forms

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1: An animate noun with a vocative case form

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun де́ва (déva, “maiden”) has a special vocative де́во. This requires a case override; ~ can be used to stand for the stem де́в.

{{ru-noun-table|де́ва|voc=~о|a=an}}

produces

Declension of де́ва (anim fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative де́ва
déva 		де́вы
dévy
genitive де́вы
dévy 		де́в
dév
dative де́ве
déve 		де́вам
dévam
accusative де́ву
dévu 		де́в
dév
instrumental де́вой, де́вою
dévoj, dévoju 		де́вами
dévami
prepositional де́ве
déve 		де́вах
dévax
vocative де́во
dévo

Example 2: A singular-only noun with a locative case

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun пу́х (púx, “down (feathers)”) has a locative form пуху́. You can use the notation + to stand for the locative in the case override. Prepositions can optionally be supplied to indicate which prepositions can be used with the locative. The nouns is singular-only, which is indicated with |n=sg. Because the noun is monosyllabic, an accent isn't needed and will automatically be supplied.

{{ru-noun-table|пух|loc=в +,на +|n=sg}}

produces

Declension of пух (inan sg-only masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular
nominative пу́х
púx
genitive пу́ха
púxa
dative пу́ху
púxu
accusative пу́х
púx
instrumental пу́хом
púxom
prepositional пу́хе
púxe
locative в пуху́, на пуху́
v puxú, na puxú

Reducible nouns, plural-only nouns, adjectival nouns

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1: A reducible noun

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun па́лец (pálec, “finger”) has the stem па́льц- in case forms other than the nominative singular. Such a noun is termed reducible. This is specified using the * code.

{{ru-noun-table|па́лец|*}}

produces

Declension of па́лец (inan masc-form ц-stem accent-a reduc) 
singular plural
nominative па́лец
pálec 		па́льцы
pálʹcy
genitive па́льца
pálʹca 		па́льцев
pálʹcev
dative па́льцу
pálʹcu 		па́льцам
pálʹcam
accusative па́лец
pálec 		па́льцы
pálʹcy
instrumental па́льцем
pálʹcem 		па́льцами
pálʹcami
prepositional па́льце
pálʹce 		па́льцах
pálʹcax

Example 2: A reducible, plural-only (plurale tantum) noun

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun воро́тца (vorótca, “wicket”) is not feminine but neuter, and occurs only in the plural. With a plural-only noun like this, the gender needs to be specified; the fact that the lemma is plural will then be recognized and the noun made plural-only. This nouns is also reducible but in the other direction from па́лец: An extra vowel appears in the genitival plural (we term this dereducible). This is again indicated with the * code.

{{ru-noun-table|воро́тца|n*}}

produces

Declension of воро́тца (inan pl-only neut-form ц-stem accent-a reduc) 
plural
nominative воро́тца
vorótca
genitive воро́тец
vorótec
dative воро́тцам
vorótcam
accusative воро́тца
vorótca
instrumental воро́тцами
vorótcami
prepositional воро́тцах
vorótcax

Example 3: An adjectival noun

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun уча́щийся (učáščijsja, “student”) is an adjectival noun, i.e. a noun declined like an adjective, indicated with the code + (it is based on the present active participle of the verb учи́ть (učítʹ, “to learn, to teach”)). It has a reflexive suffix -ся added onto all forms, which is indicated with |suffix=ся.

{{ru-noun-table|уча́щий|+|suffix=ся}}

produces

Declension of уча́щийся (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-a adj) 
singular plural
nominative уча́щийся
učáščijsja 		уча́щиеся
učáščijesja
genitive уча́щегося
učáščevosja 		уча́щихся
učáščixsja
dative уча́щемуся
učáščemusja 		уча́щимся
učáščimsja
accusative уча́щийся
učáščijsja 		уча́щиеся
učáščijesja
instrumental уча́щимся
učáščimsja 		уча́щимися
učáščimisja
prepositional уча́щемся
učáščemsja 		уча́щихся
učáščixsja

Nouns with е/ё alternation

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1

[සංස්කරණය]

озерцо́ (ozercó, “lake”) is accent pattern d and has unpredictable ё in the plural stem озёрц- (dereducible genitive plural озёрец). One way to indicate that is to use the code ;ё, which indicates that the last -e- changes to -ё- when stressed.

{{ru-noun-table|d|озерцо́|*;ё}}

produces

Declension of озерцо́ (inan neut-form ц-stem accent-d reduc) 
singular plural
nominative озерцо́
ozercó 		озёрца
ozjórca
genitive озерца́
ozercá 		озёрец
ozjórec
dative озерцу́
ozercú 		озёрцам
ozjórcam
accusative озерцо́
ozercó 		озёрца
ozjórca
instrumental озерцо́м
ozercóm 		озёрцами
ozjórcami
prepositional озерце́
ozercé 		озёрцах
ozjórcax

Another way is to distort the lemma by including the stressed form of the stem:

{{ru-noun-table|d|озёрце|*}}

or

{{ru-noun-table|d|озёрцо|*}}

The module will automatically generate nominative singular озерцо́ from the stem озёрц-; it knows that accent pattern d calls for ending stress in the nominative singular and that the unstressed equivalent of озёрц- is озерц-. Note also that the alternation between unstressed -це and stressed -цо́ is normal in Russian; the module will accept forms both ways, and convert to the о declension internally.

Example 2

[සංස්කරණය]

железа́ (železá, “gland”) has complex stress alternation, as with голова́ (golová, “head”) above, but with the additional complication that ё appears in the genitive plural: nom sg железа́, nom pl же́лезы, gen pl желёз. The ;ё code will take care of this.

{{ru-noun-table|f|железа́|;ё}}

produces

Declension of железа́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-f) 
singular plural
nominative железа́
železá 		же́лезы
žélezy
genitive железы́
železý 		желёз
željóz
dative железе́
železé 		железа́м
železám
accusative железу́
železú 		же́лезы
žélezy
instrumental железо́й, железо́ю
železój, železóju 		железа́ми
železámi
prepositional железе́
železé 		железа́х
železáx

In this case, distorting the stem won't work; using же́леза results in incorrect gen pl желе́з, and using желёза results in incorrect nom pl желёзы.

Nouns with irregular forms

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1: A noun with plural in irregular -а and partitive and locative case forms

[සංස්කරණය]

снег (sneg, “snow”):

{{ru-noun-table|c|снег|(1)|par=+|loc=+}}

produces

Declension of снег (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-c irreg) 
singular plural
nominative сне́г
snég 		снега́△
snegá△
genitive сне́га
snéga 		снего́в
snegóv
dative сне́гу
snégu 		снега́м
snegám
accusative сне́г
snég 		снега́△
snegá△
instrumental сне́гом
snégom 		снега́ми
snegámi
prepositional сне́ге
snége 		снега́х
snegáx
partitive сне́гу
snégu
locative снегу́
snegú

△ Irregular.

Example 2: A noun with irregularly stressed alternative nominative and genitive singular

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun и́скра (ískra, “spark”) has irregularly stressed forms in technical usage. Includes a usage note to this effect.

{{ru-noun-table|и́скра|nom_sg=и́скра,искра́*|gen_sg=и́скры,искры́*|notes=* Asterisk marks technical usage.}}

produces

Declension of и́скра, искра́△* (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative и́скра, искра́△*
ískra, iskrá△* 		и́скры
ískry
genitive и́скры, искры́△*
ískry, iskrý△* 		и́скр
ískr
dative и́скре
ískre 		и́скрам
ískram
accusative и́скру
ískru 		и́скры
ískry
instrumental и́скрой, и́скрою
ískroj, ískroju 		и́скрами
ískrami
prepositional и́скре
ískre 		и́скрах
ískrax

△ Irregular.
* Asterisk marks technical usage.

Example 3: A defective noun with a missing genitive plural

[සංස්කරණය]

A defective noun хвала́ (xvalá, “praise”) with a missing genitive plural.

{{ru-noun-table|хвала́|gen_pl=-}}

produces

Declension of хвала́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-b) 
singular plural
nominative хвала́
xvalá 		хвалы́
xvalý
genitive хвалы́
xvalý 		-
dative хвале́
xvalé 		хвала́м
xvalám
accusative хвалу́
xvalú 		хвалы́
xvalý
instrumental хвало́й, хвало́ю
xvalój, xvalóju 		хвала́ми
xvalámi
prepositional хвале́
xvalé 		хвала́х
xvaláx

Example 4: A noun with irregular plural stem and declensional variant -ья

[සංස්කරණය]

A noun по́вод (póvod, “rein”) with irregularly-stressed plural stem пово́д-, irregular plural ending in -ья, and a locative case form.

{{ru-noun-table|по́вод|-ья|пово́д|loc=+}}

produces

Declension of по́вод (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative по́вод
póvod 		пово́дья△
povódʹja△
genitive по́вода
póvoda 		пово́дьев△
povódʹjev△
dative по́воду
póvodu 		пово́дьям△
povódʹjam△
accusative по́вод
póvod 		пово́дья△
povódʹja△
instrumental по́водом
póvodom 		пово́дьями△
povódʹjami△
prepositional по́воде
póvode 		пово́дьях△
povódʹjax△
locative поводу́
povodú

△ Irregular.

Example 5: An animate noun needing declensional variant -ище

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun волчи́ще (volčíšče, “large or mature wolf”) (an augmentative) needs the declensional variant -ище due to its declension, which includes alternative colloquial singular case forms with feminine endings. Nouns in this class are masculine, animate and special case (1) (i.e. they have the nominative plural in -и instead of -а), and at least the latter two properties must also be specified or an error occurs.

{{ru-noun-table|волчи́ще|m-ище(1)|a=an}}

produces

Declension of волчи́ще (anim neut-form sibilant-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative волчи́ще
volčíšče 		волчи́щи△
volčíšči△
genitive волчи́ща, волчи́щи2
volčíšča, volčíšči2 		волчи́щ
volčíšč
dative волчи́щу, волчи́ще2
volčíšču, volčíšče2 		волчи́щам
volčíščam
accusative волчи́ща, волчи́щу1
volčíšča, volčíšču1 		волчи́щ
volčíšč
instrumental волчи́щем, волчи́щей2
volčíščem, volčíščej2 		волчи́щами
volčíščami
prepositional волчи́ще
volčíšče 		волчи́щах
volčíščax

1 Colloquial.
2 Less common, more colloquial.
△ Irregular.

Nouns with multiple and/or mixed declensions

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1: Multiple stress patterns

[සංස්කරණය]

The noun мост (most, “bridge”) has multiple stress patterns in the singular, except for the prepositional singular (as well as a locative case form). Implemented by placing it in two stress classes and overriding the prepositional singular. Note that when two forms from different stress patterns coincide, only one form is shown. The word is monosyllabic and doesn't need an accent mark, which will automatically be placed (but it wouldn't cause problems if the accent were added).

{{ru-noun-table|b,c|мост|pre_sg=мо́сте|loc=+}}

produces

Declension of мост (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-b/c) 
singular plural
nominative мо́ст
móst 		мосты́
mostý
genitive моста́, мо́ста
mostá, mósta 		мосто́в
mostóv
dative мосту́, мо́сту
mostú, móstu 		моста́м
mostám
accusative мо́ст
móst 		мосты́
mostý
instrumental мосто́м, мо́стом
mostóm, móstom 		моста́ми
mostámi
prepositional мо́сте
móste 		моста́х
mostáx
locative мосту́
mostú

Example 2: Multiple stems

[සංස්කරණය]

фено́мен (fenómen, “phenomenon”), also stressed as феноме́н (fenomén):

{{ru-noun-table|феноме́н|or|фено́мен}}

produces

Declension of феноме́н, фено́мен (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative феноме́н, фено́мен
fenomén, fenómen 		феноме́ны, фено́мены
fenomény, fenómeny
genitive феноме́на, фено́мена
fenoména, fenómena 		феноме́нов, фено́менов
fenoménov, fenómenov
dative феноме́ну, фено́мену
fenoménu, fenómenu 		феноме́нам, фено́менам
fenoménam, fenómenam
accusative феноме́н, фено́мен
fenomén, fenómen 		феноме́ны, фено́мены
fenomény, fenómeny
instrumental феноме́ном, фено́меном
fenoménom, fenómenom 		феноме́нами, фено́менами
fenoménami, fenómenami
prepositional феноме́не, фено́мене
fenoméne, fenómene 		феноме́нах, фено́менах
fenoménax, fenómenax

Example 3: Multiple plurals

[සංස්කරණය]

лоску́т (loskút, “rag, scrap”) has two plurals from different declension classes and different stress patterns: лоску́ты and лоскутья́.

{{ru-noun-table|лоску́т|or|d||-ья}}

produces

Declension of лоску́т (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a/d irreg) 
singular plural
nominative лоску́т
loskút 		лоску́ты, лоску́тья△
loskúty, loskútʹja△
genitive лоску́та, лоскута́
loskúta, loskutá 		лоску́тов, лоску́тьев△
loskútov, loskútʹjev△
dative лоску́ту, лоскуту́
loskútu, loskutú 		лоску́там, лоску́тьям△
loskútam, loskútʹjam△
accusative лоску́т
loskút 		лоску́ты, лоску́тья△
loskúty, loskútʹja△
instrumental лоску́том, лоскуто́м
loskútom, loskutóm 		лоску́тами, лоску́тьями△
loskútami, loskútʹjami△
prepositional лоску́те, лоскуте́
loskúte, loskuté 		лоску́тах, лоску́тьях△
loskútax, loskútʹjax△

△ Irregular.

Example 4: Multiple plurals

[සංස්කරණය]

мальчо́нок (malʹčónok, “little boy”) also has two plurals: мальчо́нки (hard-consonant declension) and мальча́та (ёнок declension).

{{ru-noun-table|мальчо́нок|#*|or|a=an}}

produces

Declension of мальчо́нок (anim masc-form velar-stem/sibilant-stem accent-a/b [reduc]) 
singular plural
nominative мальчо́нок
malʹčónok 		мальчо́нки, мальча́та
malʹčónki, malʹčáta
genitive мальчо́нка
malʹčónka 		мальчо́нков, мальча́т
malʹčónkov, malʹčát
dative мальчо́нку
malʹčónku 		мальчо́нкам, мальча́там
malʹčónkam, malʹčátam
accusative мальчо́нка
malʹčónka 		мальчо́нков, мальча́т
malʹčónkov, malʹčát
instrumental мальчо́нком
malʹčónkom 		мальчо́нками, мальча́тами
malʹčónkami, malʹčátami
prepositional мальчо́нке
malʹčónke 		мальчо́нках, мальча́тах
malʹčónkax, malʹčátax

Note the use of # to explicitly indicate the hard-consonant declension; without this, the lemma would be autodetected as belonging to the ёнок declension. Note also that in the second argument set, all arguments have been defaulted, with the lemma defaulting to the same as in the first argument set.

Example 5: Multiple plurals

[සංස්කරණය]

сапожо́к (sapožók, “boot”) has two plurals: сапо́жки (pattern d) and сапожки́ (pattern b). They cannot be combined into a stress pattern d,b because the former also has irregular endingless genitive plural сапо́жек, indicated by code (2).

{{ru-noun-table|d|сапожо́к|*(2)|or|b||*}}

produces

Declension of сапожо́к (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-d/b reduc irreg) 
singular plural
nominative сапожо́к
sapožók 		сапо́жки, сапожки́
sapóžki, sapožkí
genitive сапожка́
sapožká 		сапо́жек△, сапожко́в
sapóžek△, sapožkóv
dative сапожку́
sapožkú 		сапо́жкам, сапожка́м
sapóžkam, sapožkám
accusative сапожо́к
sapožók 		сапо́жки, сапожки́
sapóžki, sapožkí
instrumental сапожко́м
sapožkóm 		сапо́жками, сапожка́ми
sapóžkami, sapožkámi
prepositional сапожке́
sapožké 		сапо́жках, сапожка́х
sapóžkax, sapožkáx

△ Irregular.

Example 6: Mixed declensions

[සංස්කරණය]

коле́но (koléno) has three possible plurals depending on its meaning: a normal one in -а in the meaning "bend, generation, tribe"; an unusual one in -и (looking like the plural of masculine ь-m class) in the meaning "knee"; and one in -ья in the meaning "joint". These unusual plural can be expressed as a mixed declension:

  • {{ru-noun-table|коле́н|о/ь-m}} (knee)
  • {{ru-noun-table|коле́но}} (bend, generation, tribe)
  • {{ru-noun-table|коле́но|-ья}} (joint)

produces

Declension of коле́но (inan neut-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative коле́но
koléno 		коле́ни△
koléni△
genitive коле́на
koléna 		коле́ней△
kolénej△
dative коле́ну
kolénu 		коле́ням△
kolénjam△
accusative коле́но
koléno 		коле́ни△
koléni△
instrumental коле́ном
kolénom 		коле́нями△
kolénjami△
prepositional коле́не
koléne 		коле́нях△
kolénjax△

△ Irregular.

Declension of коле́но (inan neut-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative коле́но
koléno 		коле́на
koléna
genitive коле́на
koléna 		коле́н
kolén
dative коле́ну
kolénu 		коле́нам
kolénam
accusative коле́но
koléno 		коле́на
koléna
instrumental коле́ном
kolénom 		коле́нами
kolénami
prepositional коле́не
koléne 		коле́нах
kolénax
Declension of коле́но (inan neut-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative коле́но
koléno 		коле́нья△
kolénʹja△
genitive коле́на
koléna 		коле́ньев△
kolénʹjev△
dative коле́ну
kolénu 		коле́ньям△
kolénʹjam△
accusative коле́но
koléno 		коле́нья△
kolénʹja△
instrumental коле́ном
kolénom 		коле́ньями△
kolénʹjami△
prepositional коле́не
koléne 		коле́ньях△
kolénʹjax△

△ Irregular.

Example 7: Multiple stems and mixed declensions

[සංස්කරණය]

ка́мень (kámenʹ, “stone”):

{{ru-noun-table|ка́мень|*m|or||*m-ья|каме́н|pltail=*|notes=* ''The plurals marked with an asterisk are antiquated forms.''}}

produces

Declension of ка́мень (inan masc-form soft-stem accent-a reduc irreg) 
singular plural
nominative ка́мень
kámenʹ 		ка́мни, каме́нья△*
kámni, kaménʹja△*
genitive ка́мня
kámnja 		ка́мней, каме́ньев△*
kámnej, kaménʹjev△*
dative ка́мню
kámnju 		ка́мням, каме́ньям△*
kámnjam, kaménʹjam△*
accusative ка́мень
kámenʹ 		ка́мни, каме́нья△*
kámni, kaménʹja△*
instrumental ка́мнем
kámnem 		ка́мнями, каме́ньями△*
kámnjami, kaménʹjami△*
prepositional ка́мне
kámne 		ка́мнях, каме́ньях△*
kámnjax, kaménʹjax△*

△ Irregular.
* The plurals marked with an asterisk are antiquated forms.

Note the use of a plural stem in the second set of plural forms, the use of the masculine-gender hint, the plural variant -ья for these forms, and the use of |pltail= to add an asterisk to these forms, with a note indicating that they are antiquated.

Example 8: Multiple stems and mixed declensions, with plural suppletion

[සංස්කරණය]

ребёнок (rebjónok, “child”) is a particularly complex case. It follows the ёнок declension (singular -ёнок, -ёнка; plural -я́та, -я́т), with two plurals, an expected secondary one ребя́та and an unexpected primary one де́ти with a completely different stem and declension. This form де́ти looks somewhat like the plural of an accent-class e or f noun of the ь-m declension (masculine soft-stem), but with further irregularities. The secondary plural tends to have a different meaning. To indicate all this, we use a mixed declension with a special plural stem to handle the primary plural, overrides to handle the irregularities, and |pltail= with |notes= to indicate the different meaning of the secondary plural. We choose accent class f in the primary plural so that the singular ending -ёнок gets the stress.

{{ru-noun-table|f|реб|ёнок/ь-m|дет|or|ребёнок|dat_pl=де́тям,ребя́там*|ins_pl=детьми́,ребя́тами*|pre_pl=де́тях,ребя́тах*|a=an|pltail=*|notes=* Use the second plural with the meaning "boys!", "fellows!", "guys!", "comrades!".}}

produces

Declension of ребёнок (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-f/b irreg) 
singular plural
nominative ребёнок
rebjónok 		де́ти△, ребя́та*
déti△, rebjáta*
genitive ребёнка
rebjónka 		дете́й△, ребя́т*
detéj△, rebját*
dative ребёнку
rebjónku 		де́тям△, ребя́там*
détjam△, rebjátam*
accusative ребёнка
rebjónka 		дете́й△, ребя́т*
detéj△, rebját*
instrumental ребёнком
rebjónkom 		детьми́△, ребя́тами*
detʹmí△, rebjátami*
prepositional ребёнке
rebjónke 		де́тях△, ребя́тах*
détjax△, rebjátax*

△ Irregular.
* Use the second plural with the meaning "boys!", "fellows!", "guys!", "comrades!".

Multi-word nouns

[සංස්කරණය]

Example 1: An adjective-noun combination

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun мя́гкий зна́к (mjáxkij znák, “soft sign”):

{{ru-noun-table|мя́гкий|+|_|знак}}

produces

Declension of мя́гкий зна́к (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative мя́гкий зна́к
mjáxkij znák 		мя́гкие зна́ки
mjáxkije znáki
genitive мя́гкого зна́ка
mjáxkovo znáka 		мя́гких зна́ков
mjáxkix znákov
dative мя́гкому зна́ку
mjáxkomu znáku 		мя́гким зна́кам
mjáxkim znákam
accusative мя́гкий зна́к
mjáxkij znák 		мя́гкие зна́ки
mjáxkije znáki
instrumental мя́гким зна́ком
mjáxkim znákom 		мя́гкими зна́ками
mjáxkimi znákami
prepositional мя́гком зна́ке
mjáxkom znáke 		мя́гких зна́ках
mjáxkix znákax

Note how both parts are declined appropriately.

Links can be placed around the individual words, and the words will appear linked in the declension table title. This is especially useful in {{ru-noun+}}, where the links will appear in the headword. For example, the above could be written as follows:

{{ru-noun-table|[[мя́гкий]]|+|_|[[зна́к]]}}

which produces

Declension of мя́гкий зна́к (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative мя́гкий зна́к
mjáxkij znák 		мя́гкие зна́ки
mjáxkije znáki
genitive мя́гкого зна́ка
mjáxkovo znáka 		мя́гких зна́ков
mjáxkix znákov
dative мя́гкому зна́ку
mjáxkomu znáku 		мя́гким зна́кам
mjáxkim znákam
accusative мя́гкий зна́к
mjáxkij znák 		мя́гкие зна́ки
mjáxkije znáki
instrumental мя́гким зна́ком
mjáxkim znákom 		мя́гкими зна́ками
mjáxkimi znákami
prepositional мя́гком зна́ке
mjáxkom znáke 		мя́гких зна́ках
mjáxkix znákax

Note that the accent marks in the links will appear in the anchor text of the link but will be correctly stripped in the page linked to (since Wiktionary Russian-language page names don't have acute accents in them). Note also that знак as an argument by itself (not surrounded by a link) will be auto-accented since it's monosyllabic and not preceded by a * (which suppresses auto-accenting), but this doesn't (currently) happen with links; hence we've added the accent ourselves.

Example 2: A noun-noun combination separated by a hyphen

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun пау́к-во́лк (paúk-vólk, “wolf spider”):

{{ru-noun-table|b|пау́к|-|e|волк|a=an}}

produces

Declension of пау́к-во́лк (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-b) 
singular plural
nominative пау́к-во́лк
paúk-vólk 		пауки́-во́лки
paukí-vólki
genitive паука́-во́лка
pauká-vólka 		пауко́в-волко́в
paukóv-volkóv
dative пауку́-во́лку
paukú-vólku 		паука́м-волка́м
paukám-volkám
accusative пау́к-во́лк
paúk-vólk 		пауки́-во́лки
paukí-vólki
instrumental пауко́м-во́лком
paukóm-vólkom 		паука́ми-волка́ми
paukámi-volkámi
prepositional пауке́-во́лке
pauké-vólke 		паука́х-волка́х
paukáx-volkáx

Note that the animacy applies to the entire expression.

The linked version would be

{{ru-noun-table|b|[[пау́к]]|-|e|[[во́лк]]|a=an}}

which produces

Declension of пау́к-во́лк (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-b) 
singular plural
nominative пау́к-во́лк
paúk-vólk 		пауки́-во́лки
paukí-vólki
genitive паука́-во́лка
pauká-vólka 		пауко́в-волко́в
paukóv-volkóv
dative пауку́-во́лку
paukú-vólku 		паука́м-волка́м
paukám-volkám
accusative паука́-во́лка
pauká-vólka 		пауко́в-волко́в
paukóv-volkóv
instrumental пауко́м-во́лком
paukóm-vólkom 		паука́ми-волка́ми
paukámi-volkámi
prepositional пауке́-во́лке
pauké-vólke 		паука́х-волка́х
paukáx-volkáx

Example 3: A noun with a genitive modifier

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния (orúžije mássovovo uničtožénija, “weapon of mass destruction”):

{{ru-noun-table|ору́жие|_|ма́ссового|$|_|уничтоже́ния|$}}

produces

Declension of ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния (inan neut-form i-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžije mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija
genitive ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жий ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžij mássovovo uničtožénija
dative ору́жию ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžiju mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиям ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijam mássovovo uničtožénija
accusative ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžije mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija
instrumental ору́жием ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijem mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиями ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijami mássovovo uničtožénija
prepositional ору́жии ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžii mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиях ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijax mássovovo uničtožénija

Note the use of $ to indicate indeclinable words. Formerly, +$ was necessary to indicate adjectival indeclinable words (i.e. words where final -го should be transliterated -vo), but this is now handled automatically.

The version with links would appear as follows:

{{ru-noun-table|[[ору́жие]]|_|[[массовый|ма́ссового]]|$|_|[[уничтожение|уничтоже́ния]]|$}}

which produces

Declension of ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния (inan neut-form i-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžije mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija
genitive ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жий ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžij mássovovo uničtožénija
dative ору́жию ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžiju mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиям ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijam mássovovo uničtožénija
accusative ору́жие ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžije mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жия ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžija mássovovo uničtožénija
instrumental ору́жием ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijem mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиями ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijami mássovovo uničtožénija
prepositional ору́жии ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžii mássovovo uničtožénija 		ору́жиях ма́ссового уничтоже́ния
orúžijax mássovovo uničtožénija

Example 4: A noun with a prepositional phrase modifier

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun кре́м для ру́к (krém dlja rúk, “hand cream”):

{{ru-noun-table|крем|_|*для|$|_|рук|$}}

produces

Declension of кре́м для рук (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative кре́м для рук
krém dlja ruk 		кре́мы для рук
krémy dlja ruk
genitive кре́ма для рук
kréma dlja ruk 		кре́мов для рук
krémov dlja ruk
dative кре́му для рук
krému dlja ruk 		кре́мам для рук
krémam dlja ruk
accusative кре́м для рук
krém dlja ruk 		кре́мы для рук
krémy dlja ruk
instrumental кре́мом для рук
krémom dlja ruk 		кре́мами для рук
krémami dlja ruk
prepositional кре́ме для рук
kréme dlja ruk 		кре́мах для рук
krémax dlja ruk

Note the use of * at the beginning of для to suppress the stress mark that otherwise would automatically be added.

The linked version would be

{{ru-noun-table|[[кре́м]]|_|*[[для]]|$|_|[[рука|ру́к]]|$}}

which produces

Declension of кре́м для ру́к (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative кре́м для ру́к
krém dlja rúk 		кре́мы для ру́к
krémy dlja rúk
genitive кре́ма для ру́к
kréma dlja rúk 		кре́мов для ру́к
krémov dlja rúk
dative кре́му для ру́к
krému dlja rúk 		кре́мам для ру́к
krémam dlja rúk
accusative кре́м для ру́к
krém dlja rúk 		кре́мы для ру́к
krémy dlja rúk
instrumental кре́мом для ру́к
krémom dlja rúk 		кре́мами для ру́к
krémami dlja rúk
prepositional кре́ме для ру́к
kréme dlja rúk 		кре́мах для ру́к
krémax dlja rúk

Note that the * that suppresses auto-adding of the stress mark is technically not required since auto-adding stress doesn't currently happen inside links, but it's a good idea anyway because auto-stressing in links may be implemented in the future.

Example 5: A noun that combines singular and plural components (and requires manual translit)

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны (Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt i Grenadíny, “Saint Vincent and the Grenadines”):

{{ru-noun-table|Сент-Ви́нсент//Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt|_|*и|$|_|Гренади́ны|m(2)|n1=s|n=p}}

produces

Declension of Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны (inan pl-only masc-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 
plural
nominative Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны
Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt i Grenadíny
genitive Сент-Ви́нсента и Гренади́н△
Sɛnt-Vínsɛnta i Grenadín△
dative Сент-Ви́нсенту и Гренади́нам
Sɛnt-Vínsɛntu i Grenadínam
accusative Сент-Ви́нсент и Гренади́ны
Sɛnt-Vínsɛnt i Grenadíny
instrumental Сент-Ви́нсентом и Гренади́нами
Sɛnt-Vínsɛntom i Grenadínami
prepositional Сент-Ви́нсенте и Гренади́нах
Sɛnt-Vínsɛnte i Grenadínax

△ Irregular.

The whole expression is plural, as is the word Гренади́ны, but Сент-Ви́нсент is declined in the singular. This is specified using the per-word parameter |n1=s, specifying that the first word should be declined as singular. As in the previous example, * is prepended to и to suppress the automatic addition of a stress mark. Гренади́ны is masculine but uses the alternative no-ending genitive plural; hence the use of special case (2).

Example 6: A particularly long noun

[සංස්කරණය]

For the noun носово́й радиопрозра́чный обтека́тель анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции (nosovój radioprozráčnyj obtekátelʹ antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii, “dielectric plastic nose cap”):

{{ru-noun-table|[[носово́й]]|+|_|[[радиопрозра́чный]]|+|_|[[обтека́тель]]|m|_|[[антенна|анте́нны]]//antɛ́nny|$|_|[[радиолокационный|радиолокацио́нной]]|$|_|[[станция|ста́нции]]|$}}

produces

Declension of носово́й радиопрозра́чный обтека́тель анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции (inan masc-form soft-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative носово́й радиопрозра́чный обтека́тель анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovój radioprozráčnyj obtekátelʹ antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́е радиопрозра́чные обтека́тели анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovýje radioprozráčnyje obtekáteli antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii
genitive носово́го радиопрозра́чного обтека́теля анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovóvo radioprozráčnovo obtekátelja antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́х радиопрозра́чных обтека́телей анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovýx radioprozráčnyx obtekátelej antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii
dative носово́му радиопрозра́чному обтека́телю анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovómu radioprozráčnomu obtekátelju antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́м радиопрозра́чным обтека́телям анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovým radioprozráčnym obtekáteljam antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii
accusative носово́й радиопрозра́чный обтека́тель анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovój radioprozráčnyj obtekátelʹ antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́е радиопрозра́чные обтека́тели анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovýje radioprozráčnyje obtekáteli antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii
instrumental носовы́м радиопрозра́чным обтека́телем анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovým radioprozráčnym obtekátelem antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́ми радиопрозра́чными обтека́телями анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovými radioprozráčnymi obtekáteljami antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii
prepositional носово́м радиопрозра́чном обтека́теле анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovóm radioprozráčnom obtekátele antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii 		носовы́х радиопрозра́чных обтека́телях анте́нны радиолокацио́нной ста́нции
nosovýx radioprozráčnyx obtekáteljax antɛ́nny radiolokaciónnoj stáncii

Note that there is no limit to the number of components in a noun.


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