Module:category tree/poscatboiler/data/lang-specific/en

Wiktionary වෙතින්

This module handles generating the descriptions and categorization for ඉංග්‍රීසි category pages of the format "ඉංග්‍රීසි LABEL" where LABEL can be any text. Examples are Category:Bulgarian conjugation 2.1 verbs and Category:Russian velar-stem neuter-form nouns. This module is part of the poscatboiler system, which is a general framework for generating the descriptions and categorization of category pages.

For more information, see Module:category tree/poscatboiler/data/lang-specific/documentation.

NOTE: If you add a new language-specific module, you must add the language code to the list at the top of Module:category tree/poscatboiler/data/lang-specific in order for the module to be recognized.


local labels = {}

labels["terms with early reduction of Middle English /iu̯r(ə)/"] = {
	description = "In Modern English, {{IPAchar|/jə(ɹ)/}} ({{IPAchar|/t͡ʃə(ɹ)/|/d͡ʒə(ɹ)/|/ʃə(ɹ)/|/ʒə(ɹ)/}} after historic {{IPAchar|/t/|/d/|/s/|/z/}}) is the usual reflex of unstressed Middle English {{IPAchar|/iu̯r(ə)/}}. However, in the late Middle English vernacular, there was a tendency to reduce this sound to {{IPAchar|/ir/|/ur/}}, which regularly developed to modern {{IPAchar|/ə(ɹ)/}} instead of {{IPAchar|/jə(ɹ)/}}, While forms reflecting this tendency were adopted in the standard language for some words (e.g. {{m|en|fritter}}), in others such forms were eventually relegated to nonstandard speech before becoming extinct (e.g. {{m|en|nater}} for {{m|en|nature}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with /ɛ/ for Old English /y/"] = {
	description = "In [[w:Old English dialects|Kentish]] Old English, historic {{IPAchar|/y/}} became {{IPAchar|/e/}}, which regularly developed to modern {{IPAchar|/ɛ/}}. Even in Kent, these forms have been mostly replaced by those showing the usual [[w:Old English dialects|Anglian]] development to modern {{IPAchar|/ɪ/}}, but a few survive, whether in the standard language or dialectally. Note that before {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} then a consonant, this sound has developed further to {{IPAchar|/ɜː(ɹ)/}}. Additionally, terms which never had {{IPAchar|/y/}} in the variety of Old English they come from should not be included in this category (an example is {{m|en|elder|t=senior}}, which comes from Anglian {{m|ang|eldra}}, not West Saxon {{m|ang|ieldra}}, {{m|ang|yldra}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with /ʌ~ʊ/ for Old English /y/"] = {
	description = "In Southwestern Middle English, Old English {{IPAchar|/y/}} became {{IPAchar|/u/}}, which regularly developed to modern {{IPAchar|/ɛ/}}. Even in Southwestern England, these forms have been mostly replaced by those showing the usual Midland development to modern {{IPAchar|/ʌ~ʊ/|/aʊ/}}, but some survive, whether in the standard language or dialectally, especially in the vicinity of a following {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} or postalveolar consonant.  Note that before {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} then a consonant, this sound has developed further to {{IPAchar|/ɜː(ɹ)/}}.",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with /i/ for expected final /ə/"] = {
	description = "In [[rhotic]] dialects of English, final {{IPAchar|/ə/}} generally does not appear in native vocabulary; as a result, some rhotic or historically-rhotic dialects tended to use word-final {{IPAchar|/i/}} where {{IPAchar|/ə/}} occurs in the standard language. Due to the influence of the standard language and other dialects, this feature is nearly extinct, though it has been adopted in the stanard language in {{m|en|nary}} (from {{m|en|ne'er}} {{m|en|a}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with assimilation of historic /ɹ/"] = {
	description = "Begininning in the Middle English period, a tendency developed for {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} to be assimilated before coronal consonants, especially {{IPAchar|/s/}}; this is distinct from later non-[[rhoticity]]. While forms reflecting this tendency have been adopted for some words in the standard language (such as {{m|en|bass|id=fish|t=fish}} ← {{m+|ang|bærs}}), others survive only dialectally or informally (e.g. {{m|en|hoss}}, {{m|en|passel}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with dissimilation of historic /ɹ/"] = {
	description = "Begininning in the Middle English period, a tendency developed for {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} to be lost in words when another {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} occured. While forms reflecting this tendency have been adopted for some words in the standard language, others survive only dialectally or informally (e.g. {{m|en|catridge}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property"},
}

labels["terms with unetymological /ɹ/"] = {
	description = "Many English words have acquired an unetymological {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}}, either due to either purely phonetic processes or various kinds of {{glossary|hypercorrection}} (of non-rhoticity, the [[:Category:English terms with assimilation of historic /ɹ/|assimilation of {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}} before coronals]], or [[:Category:English terms with dissimilation of historic /ɹ/|dissimilation of {{IPAchar|/ɹ/}}]]). While forms reflecting this tendency have been adopted in the standard language (e.g. {{m|en|parsnip}}), others survive only dialectally or informally (e.g. {{m|en|warsh}}).",
	parents = {"terms by phonemic property", "hypercorrections"},
}

return {LABELS = labels}
"https://si.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:category_tree/poscatboiler/data/lang-specific/en&oldid=25314" වෙතින් සම්ප්‍රවේශනය කෙරිණි