සැකිල්ල:la-ndecl/documentation

This template creates a declension table for all types of Latin nouns (including multiword nouns). It replaces the 40+ {{la-decl-*}} templates that used to exist.

Basic usage

The basic usage involves specifying the lemma and the declension class (1 through 5), e.g.:

• lūna (“moon”): {{la-ndecl|lūna<1>}}
• saxum (“stone”): {{la-ndecl|saxum<2>}}
• līberī (“children”): {{la-ndecl|līberī<2>}}
• animal (“animal”): {{la-ndecl|animal<3>}}
• manus (“hand”): {{la-ndecl|manus<4>}}
• diēs (“day”): {{la-ndecl|diēs<5>}}

Note that the various declension subclasses are generally autodetected. For example, the fact that saxum is a second-declension neuter, that līberī is plurale tantum, and that animal is a third-declension neuter pure i-stem with stem animāl- are all autodetected based on the respective endings.

In some cases, more information needs to be given, either the stem (if not deducible from the lemma form), the subtype(s), or both, e.g.:

• rēx (“king”): {{la-ndecl|rēx/rēg<3>}} (otherwise the stem is wrongly autodetected as rēc-)
• mēns (“mind”): {{la-ndecl|mēns<3.I>}} (otherwise the noun is wrongly declined as a non-i-stem)
• cor (“heart”): {{la-ndecl|cor/cord<3.N.I>}} (otherwise the noun is wrongly declined as a masculine non-i-stem with a stem cōr-; compare masculine non-i-stem amor (“love”), stem amōr-)

Parameters

The following parameters are allowed:

• |1=: Lemma with macrons, along with a code indicating the declension and subtype(s) (see below) and optionally the stem, if it cannot be determined from the lemma.
• |num=: Number restriction, if not specified as a subtype.
• |title=: Override the automatically-generated title.
• |footnote=: Provide a note to be displayed below the table.

The most general form for parameter 1 is LEMMA/STEM<DECLENSION.SUBTYPE.SUBTYPE...>. However, many parts are optional, and the minimal form LEMMA<DECLENSION> (where the stem and subtypes are autodetected) is the most common form.

The LEMMA specified should be the actual lemma with any appropriate macrons added. This applies even if the lemma is plurale tantum (plural-only), in which case the plural lemma should be supplied. There are only rare cases when the specified lemma differs from the lemma as given in the pagename; an example is vicis, which has no nominative singular and for which a fabricated nominative singular vix should be given as the value of LEMMA. (In such a case, use the |lemma= parameter of {{la-noun}} to specify the actual lemma.)

The STEM and preceding slash are normally unnecessary, as the stem is automatically deduced from the lemma. However, for some declension-2 and declension-3 nouns, the automatically deduced stem is incorrect, and the stem must explicitly be given. The auto-deduction rules are explained below. Note that for plurale tantum nouns, the stem never needs to be given as it can always be deduced from the lemma.

The declension code is mandatory and should be one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, indecl (i.e. noun has only nominative and accusative singular) or irreg.

The subtypes are often unnecessary as they can be deduced from the form of the lemma in relation to the declension. The most common subtypes that may need to be specified are as follows:

• sg: For a singulare tantum (singular-only) noun.
• pl: For a plurale tantum (plural-only) noun. As mentioned above, the lemma should be given in the plural form. For declensions 1, 2 and 4, this is unnecessary, as the fact that the lemma is plurale tantum will be autodetected.
• both: For a regular noun declined in both singular and plural. This should be specified for proper nouns, which default to being singulare tantum (singular-only).
• loc: Lemma has a distinct locative form. This should be specified for the names of cities and small islands, and for any other nouns with a locative.
• N: Lemma is neuter. Usually this is autodetected, but it needs to be specified for declension-2 nouns in -us, and sometimes it needs to be specified for declension-3 nouns. Specifically, second-declension nouns in -um and -a are autodetected as neuter, as are third-declension nouns in -us/-or, -us/-er, -men/-min, -ma/-mat, -e/<no-ending>, -al/-āl and -ar/-ār, and plurale tantum third-declension nouns in -a and -ia. Third-declension nouns in -e/<no-ending>, -al/-āl, -ar/-ār and plurale tantum -ia are also autodetected as pure i-stems; see below. To turn off this autodetection, specify any of M (if the lemma is masculine), F (if the lemma is feminine), or -N. This would be used, for example, with flāmen (“priest”), which is masculine. Note that the autodetection as neuter depends on both the nominative singular ending and stem ending being of a certain form. For example, tempus/tempor- and exemplar/exemplār- are autodetected as neuter, but dasypus/dasypod- and hēpar/hēpat- are not.
• I: For declension-3 nouns, lemma is an i-stem. Third-declension lemmas ending in -is/<no-ending> and (for common nouns only) -ēs/<no-ending> are autodetected as i-stems. (As for neuter autodetection above, both the nominative singular and stem must be the right form for i-stem autodetection to happen. Hence, follis/foll- will be autodetected as i-stem, but lapis/lapid- will not.) As mentioned above, third-declension lemmas in -e/<no-ending>, -al/āl, -ar/-ār and plurale tantum -ia are also autodetected as pure neuter i-stems. To turn off this autodetection, specify -I. This is used, for example, with canis and iuvenis, which have the nominative singular and stem of an i-stem but are not i-stems.
• pure: For declension-3 neuter i-stems, lemma is a "pure" i-stem, i.e. with ablative singular in -ī, nominative/accusative/vocative plural in -ia and genitive plural in -ium. As noted above, third-declension lemmas in -e/<no-ending>, -al/-āl and -ar/-ār are autodetected as pure neuter i-stems. To disable this autodetection, specify any of M (if the lemma is masculine), F (if the lemma is feminine), -N, -I or -pure; in this case, the lemma will be detected as a plain, non-neuter third-declension noun. For pure neuter i-stems not of one of the autodetected forms (e.g. ēns or moenia), use the code 3.N.I.pure.
• navis: For declension-3 nouns, lemma is declined like nāvis (optional accusative singular in -im, optional accusative plural in -īs).
• ignis: For declension-3 nouns, lemma is declined like ignis (optional accusative singular in -im, optional ablative singular in -ī, optional accusative plural in -īs).
• Greek: Lemma has a Greek-style declension. First-declension lemmas in -ē, -ās, -ēs, and -ām are autodetected as Greek (each with their own autodetected subtype; see below). Second-declension lemmas in -os and -on are likewise autodetected as Greek (again, each with their own autodetected subtype). For third-declension lemmas, the Greek needs to be given explicitly, but the subtypes for nouns in -ēr, -ōn, -is and -s will be autodetected, and nouns with any other ending (as well as nouns where -er, -on, -I (for i-stem nouns in -is) or -s, as appropriate, is given) will be treated as "generic" Greek-type nouns.

As mentioned above, a subtype preceded by a hyphen cancels an autodetected subtype; for example, {{la-ndecl|canis<3.-I>}} is used with canis, which is not an i-stem despite its appearance. In addition, the gender subtypes M and F cancel the N subtype and vice-versa, and the number subtype sg cancels the pl subtype and vice-versa. If multiple subtypes are autodetected based on a given ending, canceling any one of the subtypes cancels the entire autodetection rule. For example, third-declension nouns of the form -e/<no-ending>, such as mare/mar-, are normally autodetected as pure neuter i-stem, i.e. the three subtypes N, I and pure. Canceling any one of them is enough to cancel the entire rule; in this case, no subtypes will be autodetected and the noun will be declined as non-neuter, non-i-stem.

Furthermore, the gender subtype M overrides, but does not cancel, the subtype F, and vice-versa; similarly for the subtypes sg and both. To illustrate the difference between canceling and overridding, consider a second-declension noun in -os. By default, this is autodetected as both M and Greek; specifying the subtype F would override the gender but keep the rule, resulting in the subtypes F and Greek, while specifying the subtype N would cancel the rule (in which case an error would result).

Note that the subtypes that are autodetected for plurale tantum nouns are different from those autodetected for nouns where the lemma is in the singular form. For example, all third-declension non-neuter plurale tantum i-stem nouns must explicitly specify .I (along with .pl, as mentioned above), because the lemma ending -ēs is the same for i-stem and non-i-stem nouns. This does not apply to neuter plurale tantum i-stem nouns, where the i-stem ending -ia is distinct from the non-i-stem ending -a and thus the i-stem subtype can be autodetected.

Autodetection of the stem

In most cases, the stem can be derived simply by removing the nominative singular ending, but for third-declension nouns, and second-declension nouns in -r, this is often not the case. For these, there are special rules to determine the stem from the nominative singular, but in some cases they produce the wrong result, in which case the stem must be given explicitly.

Stem for 2nd-declension nouns in -r

For second-declension nouns in -r, the stem is assumed to be the same as the lemma. If this is not the case, specify the stem explicitly, e.g.:

• liber: {{la-ndecl|liber/libr<2>}}

Stem for 3rd-declension nouns

For third-declension nouns, the default stem is derived based on the nominative-singular ending, according to the following table. Earlier-listed endings take precedence over later-listed endings. For example, nouns in -tūdō will be given a default stem in -tūdin, but other nouns in -ō will be given a default stem in -ōn.

Nominative singular ending	Default stem ending
-tūdō	-tūdin
-is	(no ending)
-ēs	(no ending)
-āns	-ant
-ēns	-ent
-ōns	-ont
-ceps	-cipit
-us	-or
-ex	-ic
-a	-at
-e	(no ending)
-al	-āl
-ar	-ār
-men	-min
-er	-r
-or	-ōr
-gō	-gin
-ō	-ōn
-ps	-p
-bs	-b
-s	-t
-x	-c
other	same

Subtype rules

First-declension noun autodetected subtypes

The following rules apply in order:

Nominative singular ending	Inferred subtype(s)	Notes
-ām	F, am
-ās	M, Greek, Ma
-ēs	M, Greek, Me
-ē	F, Greek
-ae	F, pl
-a	F

Second-declension noun autodetected subtypes

The following rules apply in order:

Nominative singular ending	Inferred subtype(s)	Notes
-r	M, er
-vos	M, vos
-vom	N, vom
-os	M, Greek
-os	N, Greek, us	This rule only applies if the previous rule is canceled by specifying either N or -M.
-on	N, Greek
-ius and beginning with a capital letter	M, ius, voci, sg	ius means that the genitive singular has an alternative form ending in -ī (in addition to -iī), with a footnote indicating that this is pre-Augustan; voci means that the vocative singular ends in -ī, not -ie; sg means that the noun is singular-only. Explicitly canceling any of these subtypes (e.g. with -ius, -voci or pl) will cancel the entire rule.
-ius	M, ius	See the previous rule for the meaning of ius. Use -ius to cancel the rule.
-ium	N, ium	ium is analogous to ius, specifying that the genitive singular has an alternative form ending in -ī (in addition to -iī), with a footnote indicating that this is pre-Augustan. Use -ium to cancel the rule.
-us	M	This rule will apply if the noun ends in -ius and the preceding -ius rule is canceled. Use N or -M to cancel this rule (for neuters in -us such as vīrus).
-us	N, us	This rule only applies if the preceding rule is canceled.
-um	N	This rule will apply if the noun ends in -ium and the preceding -ium rule is canceled.
-iī	M, ius, pl	See above for the meaning of ius. Use -ius to cancel the rule.
-ia	N, ium, pl	See above for the meaning of ium. Use -ium to cancel the rule.
-ī	M, pl	This rule will apply if the noun ends in -iī and the preceding -iī rule is canceled. Use N or -M to cancel this rule (for plurale tantum neuters in -ī).
-us	N, us, pl	This rule only applies if the preceding rule is canceled.
-a	N, pl	This rule will apply if the noun ends in -ia and the preceding -ia rule is canceled.

Third-declension noun autodetected subtypes

The following rules determine the autodetected subtypes. Note that normally, both nominative-singular and stem must match the rule. For example, the rule that autodetects pure neuter i-stems in -ar/-ār will apply only if the nominative singular ends in -ar and the stem ends in -ār with the same base as the nominative singular. Hence, a lemma specified as either exemplar (because of the default stem rules above) or exemplar/exemplār would be autodetected as pure neuter i-stem, but a lemma specified as hēpar/hēpat would not; nor would lemmas specified as hēpar/hēppār or hēpar/hepār, because the base of the nominative singular does not match the base of the stem.

Nominative singular ending	Default stem ending	Inferred subtype(s)	Notes
-tūdō	-tūdin	F
-tās	-tāt	F
-tūs	-tūt	F
-tiō	-tiōn	F
-siō	-siōn	F
-xiō	-xiōn	F
-gō	-gin	F
-or	-ōr	M
-trīx	-trīc	F
-trix	-trīc	F
-is	no ending	I	Not if subtype N is given.
-ēs w/initial lowercase letter	no ending	I	Not if subtype N is given.
-us	-or	N
-us	-er	N
-ma	-mat	N
-men	-min	N
-e w/initial capital letter	no ending	N
-e otherwise	no ending	N, I, pure
-al	-āl	N, I, pure
-ar	-ār	N, I, pure

Third-declension noun i-stem subtypes

Many third-declension masculine/feminine i-stem nouns have alternative or mandatory accusative singular in -im and/or alternative or mandatory ablative singular in -ī. There are special subtypes for this; the use of any of them automatically determines the noun as i-stem.

Code	Meaning	Examples
acc-im	accusative singular always in -im (never normally in -em)	amussis, basis, būris, cucumis, gummis, mephītis, paraphrasis, poēsis, rāvis, sitis, tussis; cannabis, senāpis, sināpis
acc-im-in	accusative singular always in -im or -in (never normally in -em)	cities, rivers, gods, e.g. Bilbilis, Syrtis, Tiberis, Anūbis, Osiris, Baetis, Tigris
acc-im-in-em	accusative singular in -im, -in or -em	tigris, river Līris
acc-im-em	accusative singular in -im or -em
acc-im-occ-em	accusative singular in -im or occasionally -em	febris, pēlvis, puppis, restis, secūris, turris
acc-em-im	accusative singular in -em or -im	aquālis, clāvis, cutis, lēns (“lentil”), nāvis, pars
abl-i	ablative singular always in -ī (never normally in -e)	amussis, basis, būris, cucumis, gummis, mephītis, paraphrasis, poēsis, rāvis, sitis, tussis; cities, rivers, gods, e.g. Bilbilis, Syrtis, Tiberis, Anūbis, Osiris; canālis (“water pipe”); months in -is or -er; some nouns that were originally i-stem adjectives such as aedilis, affinis, bipennis, familiāris, sodālis
abl-i-e	ablative singular in -ī or -e	febris, pēlvis, puppis, restis, secūris, turris
abl-e-i	ablative singular in -e or -ī	cannabis, sēnapis, sīnapis; Baetis, Tigris; aquālis, clāvis, cutis, lēns (“lentil”), nāvis, pars; collis, fīnis, mūgilis, ovis, vectis
abl-e-occ-i	ablative singular in -e or occasionally -ī	amnis, anguis, avis, cīvis, classis, fustis, ignis, imber, orbis, postis, sors, unguis

Examples

First-declension nouns

• lūna: {{la-ndecl|lūna<1>}}
• agricola (masculine but has same declension as a feminine noun, so the gender doesn't explicitly need to be given): {{la-ndecl|agricola<1>}}
• dēliciae (plurale tantum; autodetected from -ae ending): {{la-ndecl|dēliciae<1>}}
• geōlogia (singulare tantum): {{la-ndecl|geōlogia<1.sg>}}
• nymphē (feminine Greek-type in -ē; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|nymphē<1>}}
• geōmētrēs (masculine Greek-type in -ēs; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|geōmētrēs<1>}}
• boreās (masculine Greek-type in -ās; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|boreās<1>}}

Second-declension nouns

• campus: {{la-ndecl|campus<2>}}
• līberī (plurale tantum; autodetected from -ī ending): {{la-ndecl|līberī<2>}}
• puer (subtype in -er, stem same as nominative singular): {{la-ndecl|puer<2>}}
• ager: (subtype in -er, stem in -r, which needs to be given): {{la-ndecl|ager/agr<2>}}
• saxum (neuter; autodetected from -um ending): {{la-ndecl|saxum<2>}}
• castra (plurale tantum; autodetected from -a ending): {{la-ndecl|castra<2>}}
• ferrārius (ius subtype, i.e. genitive can be either ferrāriī or ferrārī; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|ferrārius<2>}}
• absārius (non-ius subtype because it's a Medieval coinage, so subtype needs to be canceled): {{la-ndecl|absārius<2.-ius>}}
• stadiī (ius subtype, plurale tantum; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|stadiī<2>}}
• audītōrium (ium subtype, i.e. genitive can be either audītōriī or audītōrī; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|audītōrium<2>}}
• natrium (non-ium subtype because it's a modern coinage, so subtype needs to be canceled): {{la-ndecl|natrium<2.-ium>}}
• dulcia (ium subtype, plurale tantum; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|dulcia<2>}}
• vīrus (neuter in -us; neuter gender needs to be given explicitly): {{la-ndecl|vīrus<2.N>}}
• chrȳsos (masculine Greek-type in -os; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|chrȳsos<2>}}
• phaenomenon (neuter Greek-type in -on; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|phaenomenon<2>}}

Third-declension nouns

• vōx: (non-i-stem in -ōx -ōcis, predictable stem): {{la-ndecl|vōx<3>}}
• rēx: (non-i-stem in -ēx -ēgis, unpredictable stem, hence must be specified): {{la-ndecl|rēx/rēg<3>}}
• fracēs (non-i-stem, plurale tantum; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|fracēs<3.pl>}}
• follis (parisyllabic i-stem in -is -is; i-stem autodetected): {{la-ndecl|follis<3>}}
• iuvenis (parisyllabic non-i-stem in -is -is; would be autodetected as i-stem, so i-stem subtype needs to be canceled): {{la-ndecl|iuvenis<3.-I>}}
• lapis (imparisyllabic non-i-stem in -is -idis, not autodetected as i-stem): {{la-ndecl|lapis/lapid<3>}}
• urbs (unpredictable i-stem): {{la-ndecl|urbs<3.I>}}
• carmen (neuter in -men): {{la-ndecl|carmen<3>}}
• flāmen (masculine in -men; would be autodetected as neuter, so masculine gender needs to be given explicitly): {{la-ndecl|flāmen<3.M>}}
• tempus (neuter in -us -oris, predictable stem): {{la-ndecl|tempus<3>}}
• genus (neuter in -us -eris, unpredictable stem but still autodetected as neuter): {{la-ndecl|genus/gener<3>}}
• lepus (masculine in -us -oris; would be autodetected as neuter, so masculine gender needs to be given explicitly): {{la-ndecl|lepus<3.M>}}
• dasypus (masculine in -us -odis; stem not in -er or -or, hence not autodetected as neuter): {{la-ndecl|dasypus/dasypod<3>}}
• mare (pure i-stem neuter in -e, i.e. ablative singular in -ī, genitive plural in -ium; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|mare<3>}}
• moenia (plurale tantum, pure i-stem neuter in -ia; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|moenia<3.pl>}}
• animal (pure i-stem neuter in -al -ālis; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|animal<3>}}
• sāl (not a pure i-stem neuter; ends in -āl, not -al): {{la-ndecl|sāl/sal<3>}}
• exemplar (pure i-stem neuter in -ar -āris; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|exemplar<3>}}
• hēpar (-ar -atis not -ar -āris, hence not autodetected as pure i-stem neuter, but defaults to non-neuter non-i-stem, so we must specify neuter): {{la-ndecl|hēpar/hēpat<3.N>}}
• lār (not a pure i-stem neuter; ends in -ār, not -ar): {{la-ndecl|lār/lar<3>}}
• cadāver (unpredictable neuter; would be autodetected as non-neuter, so neuter gender needs to be given explicitly): {{la-ndecl|cadāver/cadāver<3.N>}}
• cor (unpredictable neuter i-stem; would be autodetected as non-neuter non-i-stem): {{la-ndecl|cor/cord<3.N.I>}}
• fīnis (i-stem, has ablative singular in -e or -ī): {{la-ndecl|fīnis<3.abl-e-i>}}
• turris (i-stem, has accusative singular in -im or occasionally -em, has ablative singular in -ī or -e): {{la-ndecl|turris<3.acc-im-occ-em.abl-i-e>}}
• aegis (Greek-type in -s): {{la-ndecl|aegis/aegid<3.Greek>}}
• aethēr (Greek-type in -ēr): {{la-ndecl|aethēr<3.Greek>}}

Fourth-declension nouns

• manus: {{la-ndecl|manus<4>}}
• īdūs (plurale tantum; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|īdūs<4>}}
• cornū (neuter in -ū; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|cornū<4>}}
• Callistō (Greek-type): {{la-ndecl|Callistō<4.Callisto>}}

Fifth-declension nouns

• fidēs: {{la-ndecl|fidēs<5>}}
• diēs (subtype in -iēs; autodetected): {{la-ndecl|diēs<5>}}

Tables of endings by subtype

Special

• Adding <.lig> will turn Ae, ae, Oe and oe to Æ, æ, Œ and œ.
• Irregular nouns currently having a set declension are:
  • bos
  • cherub
  • deus/Deus
  • domus
  • Iesus/Jesus
  • iugerum/jugerum
  • sus
  • ethos
  • Athos
  • lexis
  • venum
  • vis

First declension

First declension-table templates for Latin

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	-a, -ē, -ās, -ēs, -ām	-ae
genitive	-ae, -ēs, -ās, -āī	-ārum, -um
dative	-ae	-īs, -ābus
accusative	-am, -ēn, -ān, -ēn, -ām	-ās
ablative	-ā, -ē, -ē	-īs, -ābus
vocative	-a, -ē, -ā, -ē, -ām	-ae
locative	-ae	-īs

Subtypes:

• (no subtype), shown in bold: -a, -ae, etc

Changes from basic subtype:

• <.abus>: -abus
• <.Greek>: -ē, -ēs, -ēn
• <.Greek.Ma>: -ās, -ān, ā
• <.Greek.Me>: -ēs, -ēn, -ē
• <.loc>: adds locative row with: -ae, -īs.
• <.am>: -ām
• Other peculiarities, listed in Appendix:Latin first declension, but not found in declension templates: -ās (older form, e.g. pater familiās), -āī (poetic, e.g. aquāī), -um (contraction, e.g. puella / puellum)
• Adding <.lig> in subtype changes ae to the ligature æ

Second declension

case \ subtype:	<>	<.N>	<.er>	<.Greek>	<.N.Greek>	<.ius>	<.ius.voci>	<.N.ium>	<.loc>	<.N.loc>	<.N.us>	<.N.a>
Example(s)	torus	datum	(ager) agr-	mȳthos	xiphion	aquārius	Vergilius	audītōrium	Cyprus Pompeiī	Latium Abdēra	vulgus	vīrus
nominative sg.	-us	-um	(1)	-os	-on	-us	-us	-um	-us	-um	-us	-us
genitive sg.	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī, (aquār)ī	-ī, (Vergil)ī	-ī, (audītōr)ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī
dative sg.	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō
accusative sg.	-um	-um	-um	-on1	-on	-um	-um	-um	-um	-um	-us	-us
ablative sg.	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō	-ō
vocative sg.	-e	-um	(1)	-e	-on	-e	(Vergil)ī	-um	-us	-um	-us	-us
locative sg.									-ī	-ī
nominative pl.	-ī	-a	-ī	-ī	-a	-ī	-ī	-a	-ī	-a		-a
genitive pl.	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum	-ōrum		-ōrum
dative pl.	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs		-īs
accusative pl.	-ōs	-a	-ōs	-ōs	-a	-ōs	-ōs	-a	-ōs	-a		-a
ablative pl.	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs	-īs		-īs
vocative pl.	-ī	-a	-ī	-ī	-a	-ī	-ī	-a	-ī	-a		-a
locative pl.									-īs	-īs

¹ Or -um.

orange text = template entry differs from the default masculine second-declension endings

(1) = first parameter is shown (second is used as stem)

Third declension

UPDATE: Please enter second stem if auto-generated second stem does not match.

case \ subtype:	(no subtype)	<.N>	<.I>	<.N.I>	<.N.I.pure>	<.I.ignis>	<.I.navis>	<.loc>	<.loc.pl>
Example	(homō) homin-	(nōmen) nōmin-	(nox) noct-	(cor) cord-	(animal) animāl-	(ignis) ign-	(nāvis) nāv-	(Carthāgō) Carthāgin-	(Alpēs) Alp-
nominative sg.	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)
genitive sg.	-is	-is	-is	-is	-is	-is	-is	-is
dative sg.	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī	-ī
accusative sg.	-em	(1)	-em	(1)	(1)	-em	-em/-im	-em
ablative sg.	-e	-e	-e	-e	-ī	-ī/-e1	-ī/-e1	-e
vocative sg.	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)
locative sg.								-ī, -e
nominative pl.	-ēs	-a	-ēs	-a	-ia	-ēs	-ēs		-ēs
genitive pl.	-um	-um	-ium	-ium/-um	-ium	-ium	-ium		-ium
dative pl.	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus
accusative pl.	-ēs	-a	-ēs	-a	-ia	-ēs/-īs	-ēs/-īs		-ēs
ablative pl.	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus	-ibus
vocative pl.	-ēs	-a	-ēs	-a	-ia	-ēs	-ēs		-ēs
locative pl.									-ibus

¹ -e post Augustine and poetical.

orange text = entry differs from default third-declension endings

(1) = first parameter is displayed (second parameter used as stem)

Fourth declension

Fourth declension-table templates for Latin

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	-us, -ū, -ō	-ūs
genitive	-ūs	-uum
dative	-uī, -ū, -ō	-ibus, -ubus
accusative	-um, -ū, -ō	-ūs
ablative	-ū, -ū, -ō	-ibus, -ubus
vocative	-us, -ū, -ō	-ūs
locative	-ū	-ibus, -ubus

Subtypes:

• (no subtype), shown in bold: -us, -ūs, etc; as well as neuter -ū, -ūs, autodetected.

Changes from basic subtype:

• <.Callisto>: -ō in all cases but genitive and sometimes accusative (Greek declension)
• <.ubus>: -ubus
• <.loc>: -ū, -ibus/ubus
• Other peculiarities are the declension of Iēsūs and domus (both marked as a special <irreg>)

Fifth declension

Fifth declension-table templates for Latin

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	-ēs	-ēs
genitive	-eī, -ēī	-ērum
dative	-eī, -ēī	-ēbus
accusative	-em	-ēs
ablative	-ē	-ēbus
vocative	-ēs	-ēs
locative	-ē	-ēbus

Subtypes:

• (no subtype), shown in bold: -ēs, -eī, etc; as well as auto-detected "ies" type -ēs, -ēī, autodetected.

Changes from basic subtype:

• <.loc>: -ē, -ēbus