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Wiktionary වෙතින්

U+5C0F, 小
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C0F

[U+5C0E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5C10]
U+2F29, ⼩
KANGXI RADICAL SMALL

[U+2F28]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F2A]

සර්ව භාෂාමය

[සංස්කරණය]
Stroke order
3 strokes
Stroke order

හන් අනුලක්ෂණය

[සංස්කරණය]

(Kangxi radical 42, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓金 (NC), four-corner 90000, composition )

  1. සැකිල්ල:mul-kangxi radical-def
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №15

Derived characters

[සංස්කරණය]

වැඩිදුර් කියවීම සඳහා

[සංස්කරණය]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 296, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7473
  • Dae Jaweon: page 587, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 560, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5C0F
simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𡮐 ancient
Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Two possible interpretations:

  • Ideogram (指事) – three small dots > small.
  • Pictogram (象形) – three granules of sand – original character of (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) > small.

Starting from some bronze inscriptions, the dots have become elongated. Based on this form, Shuowen erroneously considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (to divide; to separate) + (small object).

Compare with (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews), represented by four dots in its oracle bone script form.

නිරුක්තිය 1

[සංස්කරණය]

Often thought to be related to (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews) (e.g. Wang, 1982), but Schuessler (2007) points out that the alternation between Middle චීන /s-/ and /ɕ-/ within a word family is exceptional.

උච්චාරණය

[සංස්කරණය]

Note:
  • sió - vernacular;
  • siáu - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: siê2 / sio2 / siao2 / siou2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sié / sió / siáu / sióu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /sie⁵²/, /sio⁵²/, /siau⁵²/, /siou⁵²/
Note:
  • siê2/sio2 - vernacular;
  • siao2/siou2 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (91)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjæuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/siawX/
Li
Rong
/siɛuX/
Wang
Li
/sĭɛuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ɛuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
siu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiǎo
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjewX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s]ewʔ/
English small

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13705
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*smewʔ/
Notes

  1. small, tiny, little
      ―  xiǎohái  ―  child
    Antonym:
  2. minor, petty
  3. briefly, for a short while
      ―  xiǎo  ―  brief rest
  4. slightly, a little
  5. young
      ―  xiǎogǒu  ―  puppy
      ―  xiǎomāo  ―  kitten
      ―  xiǎoyáng  ―  lamb
    嬰兒自己東西 [MSC, trad.]
    婴儿自己东西 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè yīng'ér tài xiǎo le, bù néng zìjǐ chī dōngxī. [Pinyin]
    The baby is too young to feed itself.
    Antonym:
  6. (the) youngest
    兒子儿子  ―  xiǎo'érzǐ  ―  youngest son
  7. a young person; child, kid, baby
    一家老  ―  yījiālǎoxiǎo  ―  the entire family, old and young
  8. Prefix used in front of family name to indicate informality or affection (for young people, for elder people).
    For example, Someone called 李國寶/李国宝 can be called 小李.
  9. (humble) my, our
      ―  xiǎo  ―  [humble] I
      ―  xiǎo  ―  [humble] my daughter
      ―  xiǎode  ―  [humble] I
  10. සැකිල්ල:zh-abbrev
    1. Used in the abbreviation of the name of a primary school.
        ―  Èr Xiǎo  ―  No. 2 Primary School
    2. Used with a number to indicate the level of primary education.
        ―  xiǎo  ―  P1 (first year in primary school)
  11. (dialectal) concubine
සමාන පද
[සංස්කරණය]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • ජපන්: (しょう) (shō)
  • කොරියානු: 소(小) (so)
  • වියට්නාම: tiểu ()

නිරුක්තිය 2

[සංස්කරණය]

උච්චාරණය

[සංස්කරණය]

  1. (Cantonese, minced oath) A euphemism of (“to fuck”).
    [Guangzhou Cantonese]  ―  siu2 nei5! [Jyutping]  ―  Duck you!

නිරුක්තිය 3

[සංස්කරණය]

උච්චාරණය

[සංස්කරණය]

  1. (chiefly Taiwan, vulgar) (siâu)යන යෙදුමෙහි වෙනත් ආකාරයකි. , chiefly used in 三小.

මූලාශ්‍ර

[සංස්කරණය]

කන්ජි

[සංස්කරණය]

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

අමතර අවධානයට

[සංස්කරණය]

නිරුක්තිය 1

[සංස්කරණය]
Kanji in this term
しょう
Grade: 1
on'yomi

/seu//ɕeu//ɕoː/

From Middle චීන (MC siᴇuX).

The suffix sense is a clipping of 小学校 (shōgakkō, elementary school).

උච්චාරණය

[සංස්කරණය]

නාම පදය

[සංස්කරණය]

(しょう) (shōせう (seu)?

  1. smallness; small size, small (sometimes used as an abbreviation for small serving, etc.)
  2. 小の月 (shō no tsuki)Short for .
  3. (historical) during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, a unit of field area equal to around 400 square metres (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    100 square footsteps before the Taikō land survey, and 120 square footsteps after
විරුද්ධ පද
[සංස්කරණය]
ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්
[සංස්කරණය]
Coordinate terms
[සංස්කරණය]

(しょう) (shō-せう (seu-)?

  1. small, little

(しょう) (-shōせう (-seu)?

  1. suffix after names of elementary schools
    (つくだ)(しょう)
    tsukuda-shō
    Tsukuda Elementary School

සංඥා නාම පදය

[සංස්කරණය]

(しょう) (Shōせう (Seu)?

  1. පෙළපත් නාමයක්

නිරුක්තිය 2

[සංස්කරණය]
Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/ko1//ko/

From the Old ජපන් stem (ko-). Cognate with (ko, child).

() (ko-

  1. less in size or quantity, small, little, short
  2. less in intensity, small, light, slight
  3. of secondary importance, secondary, sub-
  4. infant
ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්
[සංස්කරණය]
ආශ්‍රිත යෙදුම්
[සංස්කරණය]

නිරුක්තිය 3

[සංස්කරණය]
Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/wo//o/

From the Old ජපන් stem (wo-), modern (o-).

() (o- (wo-)?

  1. attached to certain nouns:
    1. small in shape or scale
      (ogawa, creek, literally "small river")
      (obune, small boat)
    2. attached to certain names to give expression or feelings (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
      (Oda, literally, "small rice paddy")
      (Ono, literally, "small field")
  2. used proverbially to represent "small" or "slight" (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    小止みなく降る雨 (oyaminaku furu ame)
    小暗い (ogurai michi)
ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්
[සංස්කරණය]

නිරුක්තිය 4

[සංස්කරණය]
Kanji in this term
ささ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
さざ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From the Old ජපන් stem ささ (sasa-), found in terms such as (sasa, bamboo grass), 囁く (sasayaku, to whisper), and 些か (isasaka, a little), all related to small or slight.

Saza appears to be a later derivation from sasa.

වෙනත් ආකාර

[සංස්කරණය]

(ささ) or (さざ) (sasa- or saza-

  1. attached to certain nouns to mean:
    1. small
    2. fine
    3. slight
ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්
[සංස්කරණය]

මූලාශ්‍ර

[සංස්කරණය]
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (දයිජිරින්), තෙවන සංස්කරණය (ජපන් බසින්), තෝක්‍යෝ: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK ජපන් උච්චාරණ ඇක්සන්ට් ශබ්දකෝෂය) (ජපන් බසින්), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

කොරියානු

[සංස්කරණය]

නිරුක්තිය

[සංස්කරණය]

From Middle චීන (MC siᴇuX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 쇼ᇢ〯 (Yale: sywǒw)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 자ᄀᆞᆯ (Yale: cakol) (Yale: sywo)

උච්චාරණය

[සංස්කරණය]
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰo̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:
[[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"小"|]]

Wikisource

(eumhun 작을 (jageul so))

  1. සැකිල්ල:hanja form of-lite

මූලාශ්‍ර

[සංස්කරණය]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

වියට්නාම

[සංස්කරණය]

හන් අනුලක්ෂණය

[සංස්කරණය]

: Hán Việt readings: tiểu[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: tiểu[1][2][3][4], tẻo[1][3], tĩu[3]

  1. (only before noun) සැකිල්ල:han tu form of-lite

මූලාශ්‍ර

[සංස්කරණය]