小

Wiktionary වෙතින්

小 U+5C0F, 小
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C0F
← 導
[U+5C0E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 尐 →
[U+5C10]
⼩ U+2F29, ⼩
KANGXI RADICAL SMALL
← ⼨
[U+2F28] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼪ →
[U+2F2A]

සර්ව භාෂාමය[සංස්කරණය]

Stroke order
3 strokes
Stroke order

Han character[සංස්කරණය]

See images of
Radical 42 小

小 (Kangxi radical 42, 小+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓金 (NC), four-corner 90000, composition ⿻亅八)

  1. සැකිල්ල:mul-kangxi radical-def
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №15

Derived characters[සංස්කරණය]

වැඩිදුර් කියවීම සඳහා[සංස්කරණය]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 296, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7473
  • Dae Jaweon: page 587, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 560, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5C0F

චීන[සංස්කරණය]

simp. and trad.
 小
alternative forms 𡮐 ancient

Glyph origin[සංස්කරණය]

Historical forms of the character 小
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (小) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觘
抄 *sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
鈔
訬
炒
吵 *sm̥ʰreːwʔ, *mewʔ
耖
仯 *sm̥ʰreːws
眇
渺
杪 *mewʔ
秒
篎
妙 *mews
玅
釥
小 *smewʔ
少 *hmjewʔ, *hmjews
麨
尠 *senʔ, *smos

Two possible interpretations:

  • Ideogram (指事) – three small dots > small.
  • Pictogram (象形) – three granules of sand – original character of 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) > small.

Starting from some bronze inscriptions, the dots have become elongated. Based on this form, Shuowen erroneously considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 八 (“to divide; to separate”) + 丨 (“small object”).

Compare with 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews), represented by four dots in its oracle bone script form.

නිරුක්තිය 1[සංස්කරණය]

Often thought to be related to 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews) (e.g. Wang, 1982), but Schuessler (2007) points out that the alternation between Middle චීන /s-/ and /ɕ-/ within a word family is exceptional.

උච්චාරණය[සංස්කරණය]

Note:
  • sió - vernacular;
  • siáu - literary.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siê2 / sio2 / siao2 / siou2
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sié / sió / siáu / sióu
    • Sinological IPA (key): /sie⁵²/, /sio⁵²/, /siau⁵²/, /siou⁵²/
Note:
  • siê2/sio2 - vernacular;
  • siao2/siou2 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 小
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 宵 (91)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 私兆切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sjæuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/siawX/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛuX/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛuX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiǎo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		siu2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 小
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiǎo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjewX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]ewʔ/
    English small

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 小
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13705
    Phonetic
    component         		小
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		小
    Old
    Chinese         		/*smewʔ/
    Notes 甲金文象沙而指小，
    指事字

    Definitions[සංස්කරණය]

    小

    1. small, tiny, little
      小孩  ―  xiǎohái  ―  child
      Antonym: 大
    2. minor, petty
    3. briefly, for a short while
      小憩  ―  xiǎoqì  ―  brief rest
    4. slightly, a little
    5. young
      小狗  ―  xiǎogǒu  ―  puppy
      小貓／小猫  ―  xiǎomāo  ―  kitten
      小羊  ―  xiǎoyáng  ―  lamb
      這嬰兒太小了，不能自己吃東西。 [MSC, trad.]
      这婴儿太小了，不能自己吃东西。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè yīng'ér tài xiǎo le, bù néng zìjǐ chī dōngxī. [Pinyin]
      The baby is too young to feed itself.
      Antonym: 老
    6. (the) youngest
      小兒子／小儿子  ―  xiǎo'érzǐ  ―  youngest son
    7. a young person; child, kid, baby
      一家老小  ―  yījiālǎoxiǎo  ―  the entire family, old and young
    8. Prefix used in front of family name to indicate informality or affection (for young people, 老 for elder people).
      For example, Someone called 李國寶／李国宝 can be called 小李.
    9. (humble) my, our
      小弟  ―  xiǎodì  ―  [humble] I
      小女  ―  xiǎonǚ  ―  [humble] my daughter
      小的  ―  xiǎode  ―  [humble] I
    10. සැකිල්ල:zh-abbrev
      1. Used in the abbreviation of the name of a primary school.
        二小  ―  Èr Xiǎo  ―  No. 2 Primary School
      2. Used with a number to indicate the level of primary education.
        小一  ―  xiǎoyī  ―  P1 (first year in primary school)
    11. (dialectal) concubine
    සමාන පද[සංස්කරණය]
    Dialectal synonyms of 小 (“small”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小
    Mandarin Beijing 小
    Taiwan 小
    Tianjin 小
    Harbin 小
    Jinan 小
    Wanrong 小
    Xi'an 小, 碎
    Yinchuan 小
    Xining 小, 尕
    Ürümqi 小, 尕
    Wuhan 小
    Chengdu 小
    Guiyang 小
    Guilin 小
    Liuzhou 小
    Yangzhou 小
    Nanjing 小
    Hefei 小
    Malaysia 小
    Singapore 小
    Cantonese Guangzhou 細
    Hong Kong 細
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 細
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 細
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 細
    Macau 細
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 細
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 細
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細
    Foshan 細
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細
    Foshan (Shunde) 細
    Foshan (Sanshui) 細
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 細
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 細
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 細
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 細
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細
    Taishan 細
    Kaiping (Chikan) 細
    Enping (Niujiang) 細
    Heshan (Yayao) 細
    Dongguan 細
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細
    Qingyuan 細
    Fogang 細
    Yingde (Hanguang) 細
    Yangshan 細
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 細
    Shaoguan 細
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 細
    Renhua 細
    Lechang 細
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 細
    Sihui 細
    Guangning 細
    Deqing 細
    Huaiji 細
    Yunfu 細
    Xinxing 細
    Luoding 細
    Yunan (Pingtai) 細
    Yangjiang 細
    Xinyi 細
    Maoming (Xinpo) 細
    Lianjiang 細
    Nanning 細
    Wuzhou 細, 𱒃
    Yulin 𱒃
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 𱒃
    Hepu (Shatian) 𱒃
    Guiping 細, 小
    Guiping (Mule) 𱒃
    Pingnan 細
    Mengshan (Xihe) 細
    Guigang (Gangcheng) 細
    Guigang (Nanjiang) 細
    Guigang (Pingdong) 細
    Beiliu (Tangliao) 細
    Baise 細
    Bobai 細
    Lingshan 細
    Pubei 細
    Qinzhou 細
    Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 𱒃
    Beihai 細
    Beihai (Nankang) 細
    Beihai (Yingpan) 𱒃
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 細
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 細, 小
    Ningming 細
    Hengzhou 細
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 細
    Danzhou 細
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細
    Singapore (Guangfu) 細
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 細
    Móng Cái 細
    Gan Nanchang 細, 小
    Lichuan 細, 小
    Pingxiang 細, 小
    Hakka Meixian 細, 小
    Xingning 細
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 細
    Huiyang 細
    Huidong (Daling) 細
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 細
    Boluo (Bendihua) 細
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 細
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 小
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 細
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 細
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 細
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 細
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 細
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 細
    Conghua (Lütian) 細
    Jiexi 細
    Changting 細
    Wuping 細
    Wuping (Pingyu) 細
    Liancheng 細
    Ninghua 小
    Yudu 細
    Ruijin 細
    Shicheng 細
    Shangyou (Shexi) 細
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 細
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 細
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 細
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 細
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 細
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 細
    Hong Kong 細
    Beiliu (Tang'an) 小
    Mashan (Pianlian) 細
    Senai (Huiyang) 細
    Huizhou Jixi 小
    Jin Taiyuan 小
    Northern Min Jian'ou 小
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 嫩, 細
    Changle 嫩
    Fuqing 嫩
    Yongtai 嫩
    Gutian 嫩
    Fu'an 嫩
    Ningde 嫩
    Shouning 嫩
    Zhouning 細
    Fuding 嫩, 細
    Matsu 嫩
    Southern Min Xiamen 細
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 細
    Quanzhou 細
    Jinjiang 細
    Nan'an 細
    Hui'an 細
    Anxi 細
    Yongchun 細
    Dehua 細
    Zhangzhou 細
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 細
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 細
    Hua'an 細
    Nanjing 細
    Pinghe 細
    Zhangpu 細
    Yunxiao 細
    Zhao'an 細
    Dongshan 細
    Taipei 小, 細
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 小, 細
    Kaohsiung 小, 細
    Yilan 小, 細
    Changhua (Lukang) 小, 細
    Taichung 小, 細
    Tainan 小, 細
    Hsinchu 小, 細
    Kinmen 小
    Penghu (Magong) 小
    Penang (Hokkien) 細
    Singapore (Hokkien) 細
    Manila (Hokkien) 細
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 細
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 小
    Chaozhou 細
    Shantou 細
    Shantou (Chenghai) 細
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 細
    Jieyang 細
    Haifeng 細
    Bangkok (Teochew) 細
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 細
    Singapore (Teochew) 細
    Batam (Teochew) 細
    Pontianak (Teochew) 細
    Leizhou 細
    Wenchang 細, 孧
    Haikou 細, 孧
    Qionghai 孧
    Singapore (Hainanese) 孧, 細
    Puxian Min Putian 細
    Xianyou 細
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 細
    Nanning (Shajing) 細
    Binyang (Xinqiao) 細
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 細
    Guilin (Zhuyuan) 細
    Lingchuan (Tanxia) 細
    Wu Shanghai 小
    Shanghai (Chongming) 小
    Suzhou 小
    Danyang 小
    Hangzhou 小
    Ningbo 小
    Wenzhou 小, 瑣
    Lishui 細
    Jinyun 巧
    Jinhua 小
    Xiang Changsha 細, 小
    Loudi 小
    Shuangfeng 細
    Quanzhou 小
    Guanyang (Wenshi) 小
    Dialectal synonyms of 妾 (“concubine”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 妾, 姬, 媵, 妾媵, 媵妾, 侍妾, 姬妾, 側室, 偏室, 姑娘
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 妾, 偏房
    Mandarin Beijing 小太太兒, 小婆婆兒, 小奶奶兒, 小的兒
    Taiwan 小老婆, 姨太太
    Harbin 小老婆
    Yantai (Muping) 小老婆兒, 小婆子
    Jinan 小老婆
    Luoyang 小老婆兒
    Wanrong 小婆子
    Xi'an 小婆子, 小
    Yinchuan 小老婆, 小
    Lanzhou 小老婆
    Ürümqi 小老婆
    Wuhan 小堂客, 小, 姨太太
    Chengdu 小老婆, 小婆子
    Guiyang 小婆娘, 姨太太
    Liuzhou 小的, 小, 小老婆, 小婆
    Xuzhou 小的兒, 小的, 小兒, 小點子, 小婆兒, 小婆子, 庶夫人
    Nanjing 小老婆
    Singapore 小老婆
    Cantonese Guangzhou 細婆, 妾侍
    Hong Kong 細婆, 妾侍
    Dongguan 細婆
    Gan Nanchang 小老婆, 小
    Lichuan 小婆
    Pingxiang 小老婆, 小婆子
    Hakka Meixian 小婆
    Yudu 小老婆
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 細姐, 細婆, 偏房
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 細姐仔, 細婆, 偏房
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 細姐, 細婆, 偏房
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 細姐, 細姨, 偏房
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 細姐, 細婆, 偏房
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 細姨, 偏房
    Huizhou Jixi 細老嫗
    Jin Taiyuan 小老婆, 姨娘, 姨太太
    Xinzhou 小婆子
    Northern Min Jian'ou 小嬤
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 細婆 non-face-to-face, 細姐：face-to-face, 姨太 older, 姑娘 younger, face to face
    Southern Min Xiamen 細姨
    Quanzhou 細姨
    Jinjiang 細姨
    Zhangzhou 細姨
    Taipei 細姨
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 細姨
    Kaohsiung 細姨
    Yilan 細姨
    Changhua (Lukang) 細姨
    Taichung 細姨
    Tainan 細姨
    Hsinchu 細姨
    Kinmen 細姨
    Penghu (Magong) 細姨
    Manila (Hokkien) 細姨
    Leizhou 細娘
    Haikou 細姩, 細老婆, 孧老婆, 細
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 細婆
    Wu Shanghai 小老媽, 小老婆, 小娘子, 偏房
    Shanghai (Chongming) 小老婆, 小老官, 姨太太
    Suzhou 小老媽
    Danyang 小老媽
    Hangzhou 小老婆
    Ningbo 小老𡢿
    Wenzhou 姨娘, 姨娘兒
    Jinhua 小老婆, 小婆
    Xiang Changsha 小婆子, 小堂客
    Loudi 小

    Compounds[සංස්කරණය]

    Descendants[සංස්කරණය]

    Sino-Xenic (小):
    • → ජපන්: 小(しょう) (shō)
    • → කොරියානු: 소(小) (so)
    • → වියට්නාම: tiểu (小)

    නිරුක්තිය 2[සංස්කරණය]

    උච්චාරණය[සංස්කරණය]

    Definitions[සංස්කරණය]

    小

    1. (Cantonese, minced oath) A euphemism of 屌 (“to fuck”).
      小你！ [Guangzhou Cantonese]  ―  siu2 nei5! [Jyutping]  ―  Duck you!

    නිරුක්තිය 3[සංස්කරණය]

    උච්චාරණය[සංස්කරණය]

    Definitions[සංස්කරණය]

    小

    1. (chiefly Taiwan, vulgar) 潲 (“siâu”)යන යෙදුමෙහි වෙනත් ආකාරයකි. , chiefly used in 三小.

    මූලාශ්‍ර[සංස්කරණය]

    ජපන්[සංස්කරණය]

    Kanji[සංස්කරණය]

    小

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[සංස්කරණය]

    Compounds[සංස්කරණය]

    Compounds

    මේවාත් බලන්න[සංස්කරණය]

    නිරුක්තිය 1[සංස්කරණය]

    Kanji in this term
    小
    しょう
    Grade: 1
    on’yomi

    /seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕoː/

    From Middle චීන 小 (MC siᴇuX).

    The suffix sense is a clipping of 小学校 (shōgakkō, “elementary school”).

    උච්චාරණය[සංස්කරණය]

    නාම පදය[සංස්කරණය]

    小(しょう) (shō) ←せう (seu)?

    1. smallness; small size, small (sometimes used as an abbreviation for small serving, etc.)
    2. 小の月 (shō no tsuki)Short for .
    3. (historical) during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, a unit of field area equal to around 400 square metres (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
      100 square footsteps before the Taikō land survey, and 120 square footsteps after
    විරුද්ධ පද[සංස්කරණය]
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්[සංස්කරණය]
    Idioms[සංස්කරණය]
    Coordinate terms[සංස්කරණය]

    Prefix[සංස්කරණය]

    小(しょう) (shō-) ←せう (seu)?

    1. small, little

    Suffix[සංස්කරණය]

    小(しょう) (-shō) ←せう (seu)?

    1. suffix after names of elementary schools
      佃(つくだ)小(しょう)
      tsukuda-shō
      Tsukuda Elementary School

    සංඥා නාම පදය[සංස්කරණය]

    小(しょう) (Shō) ←せう (seu)?

    1. a surname from ප්‍රංශ

    නිරුක්තිය 2[සංස්කරණය]

    Kanji in this term
    小
    こ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /ko1/ → /ko/

    From the Old ජපන් stem こ (ko-). Cognate with 子 (ko, “child”).

    Prefix[සංස්කරණය]

    小(こ) (ko-) 

    1. less in size or quantity, small, little, short
    2. less in intensity, small, light, slight
    3. of secondary importance, secondary, sub-
    4. infant
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්[සංස්කරණය]
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්
    ආශ්‍රිත යෙදුම්[සංස්කරණය]
    Related terms

    නිරුක්තිය 3[සංස්කරණය]

    Kanji in this term
    小
    お
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /wo/ → /o/

    From the Old ජපන් stem を (wo-), modern お (o-).

    Prefix[සංස්කරණය]

    小(お) (o-) ←を (wo)?

    1. attached to certain nouns:
      1. small in shape or scale
        小川 (ogawa, “creek”, literally "small river")
        小舟 (obune, “small boat”)
      2. attached to certain names to give expression or feelings (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
        小田 (Oda, literally, "small rice paddy")
        小野 (Ono, literally, "small field")
    2. used proverbially to represent "small" or "slight" (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
      小止みなく降る雨 (oyaminaku furu ame)
      小暗い道 (ogurai michi)
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්[සංස්කරණය]
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්

    නිරුක්තිය 4[සංස්කරණය]

    Kanji in this term
    小
    ささ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi
    Kanji in this term
    小
    さざ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    From the Old ජපන් stem ささ (sasa-), found in terms such as 笹 (sasa, “bamboo grass”), 囁く (sasayaku, “to whisper”), and 些か (isasaka, “a little”), all related to small or slight.

    Saza appears to be a later derivation from sasa.

    වෙනත් ආකාර[සංස්කරණය]

    Prefix[සංස්කරණය]

    小(ささ) or 小(さざ) (sasa- or saza-) 

    1. attached to certain nouns to mean:
      1. small
      2. fine
      3. slight
    ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්[සංස්කරණය]

    මූලාශ්‍ර[සංස්කරණය]

    1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (දයිජිරින්), තෙවන සංස්කරණය (ජපන් බසින්), තෝක්‍යෝ: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK ජපන් උච්චාරණ ඇක්සන්ට් ශබ්දකෝෂය) (ජපන් බසින්), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    කොරියානු[සංස්කරණය]

    නිරුක්තිය[සංස්කරණය]

    From Middle චීන 小 (MC siᴇuX).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 සැකිල්ල:okm-l
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 සැකිල්ල:okm-l සැකිල්ල:okm-l

    උච්චාරණය[සංස්කරණය]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰo̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [소(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[සංස්කරණය]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:
    [[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"小"|小]]

    Wikisource

    小 (eumhun 작을 소 (jageul so))

    1. සැකිල්ල:hanja form of-lite

    Compounds[සංස්කරණය]

    Compounds

    මූලාශ්‍ර[සංස්කරණය]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[සංස්කරණය]

    Han character[සංස්කරණය]

    小: Hán Việt readings: tiểu[1][2][3]
    小: Nôm readings: tiểu[1][2][3][4], tẻo[1][3], tĩu[3]

    1. (only before noun) සැකිල්ල:han tu form of-lite

    Compounds[සංස්කරණය]

    |}

    මූලාශ්‍ර[සංස්කරණය]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
    4. ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
    "https://si.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=小&oldid=44299" වෙතින් සම්ප්‍රවේශනය කෙරිණි